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Register a new userDynamical study of spinodal decomposition in heavy ion collisions
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Nuclei undergo a phase transition in nuclear reactions according to a caloric curve determined by the amount of entropy. Here, the generation of entropy is studied in relation to the size of the nuclear system.
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We present theoretical approaches to high energy nuclear collisions in detail putting a special emphasis on technical aspects of numerical simulations. Models include relativistic hydrodynamics, Monte-Carlo implementation of k_T-factorization formula, jet quenching in expanding fluids, a hadronic transport model and the Vlasov equation for colored particles.
We review integrated dynamical approaches to describe heavy ion reaction as a whole at ultrarelativistic energies. Since final observables result from all the history of the reaction, it is important to describe all the stages of the reaction to obtain the properties of the quark gluon plasma from experimental data. As an example of these approaches, we develop an integrated dynamical model, which is composed of a fully (3+1) dimensional ideal hydrodynamic model with the state-of-the-art equation of state based on lattice QCD, and subsequent hadronic cascade in the late stage. Initial conditions are obtained employing Monte Car
Descriptions of heavy-ion collisions at Fermi energies require to take into account in-medium dissipation and phase-space fluctuations. The interplay of these correlations with the one-body collective behaviour determines the properties (kinematics and fragment production) and the variety of mechanisms (from fusion to neck formation and multifragmentation) of the exit channel. Starting from fundamental concepts tested on nuclear matter, we build up a microscopic description which addresses finite systems and applies to experimental observables.
We present a fully three-dimensional model providing initial conditions for energy and conserved charge density distributions in heavy ion collisions at RHIC Beam Energy Scan (BES) collision energies. The model includes the dynamical deceleration of participating nucleons or valence quarks. It provides a realistic estimation of the initial baryon stopping during the early stage of collisions. We also present the implementation of the model with 3+1 dimensional hydrodynamics, which involves the addition of source terms that deposit energy and net-baryon densities produced by the initial state model at proper times greater than the initial time for the hydrodynamic simulation. The importance of this dynamical initialization stage on hadronic flow observables at the RHIC BES is quantified.
We study time evolution of critical fluctuations of conserved charges near the QCD critical point in the context of relativistic heavy ion collisions. A stochastic diffusion equation is employed in order to describe the diffusion property of the critical fluctuation arising from the coupling of the order parameter field to conserved charges. We show that the diffusion property gives rise to a possibility of probing the early time fluctuations through the rapidity window dependence of the second-order cumulant and correlation function of conserved charges. It is pointed out that their non-monotonic behaviors as functions of the rapidity interval are robust experimental signals for the existence of the critical enhancement around the QCD critical point.
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