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Register a new userA New Measurement of the Energy Dependence of Nuclear Transparency for Large Momentum Transfer 12C(p,2p) Scattering
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We present a new measurement of the energy dependence of nuclear transparency from AGS experiment E850, performed using the EVA solenoidal spectrometer, upgraded since 1995. Using a secondary beam from the AGS accelerator, we simultaneously measured $pp$ elastic scattering from hydrogen and $(p,2p)$ quasi-elastic scattering in carbon at incoming momenta of 5.9, 8.0, 9.0, 11.7 and 14.4 GeV/c. This incident momentum range corresponds to a $Q^{2}$ region between 4.8 and 12.7 (GeV/c)$^{2}$. The detector allowed us to do a complete kinematic analysis for the center-of-mass polar angles in the range $85^{circ}-90^{circ}$. We report on the measured variation of the nuclear transparency with energy and compare the new results with previous measurements.
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The transparency of carbon for (p,2p) quasi-elastic events was measured at beam energies ranging from 6 to 14.5 GeV at 90 degrees c.m. The four momentum transfer squared q*q ranged from 4.8 to 16.9 (GeV/c)**2. We present the observed energy dependence of the ratio of the carbon to hydrogen cross sections. We also apply a model for the nuclear momentum distribution of carbon to normalize this transparency ratio. We find a sharp rise in transparency as the beam energy is increased to 9 GeV and a reduction to approximately the Glauber level at higher energies.
This paper presents, for the first time, measurements of neutron transparency ratios for nuclei relative to C measured using the (e,en) reaction, spanning measured neutron momenta of 1.4 to 2.4 GeV/c. The transparency ratios were extracted in two kinematical regions, corresponding to knockout of mean-field nucleons and to the breakup of Short-Range Correlated nucleon pairs. The extracted neutron transparency ratios are consistent with each other for the two measured kinematical regions and agree with the proton transparencies extracted from new and previous (e,ep) measurements, including those from neutron-rich nuclei such as lead. The data also agree with and confirm the Glauber approximation that is commonly used to interpret experimental data. The nuclear-mass-dependence of the extracted transparencies scales as A^{alpha} with {alpha} = -0.289 {pm} 0.007, which is consistent with nuclear-surface dominance of the reactions.
In the present work, we report our in depth study of 12C(p,pgamma)12C reaction both experimentally and theoretically with proton beam energy ranging from 8 MeV to 22 MeV. The angular distributions were measured at six different angles. We discuss the gamma angular distributions, total cross sections values for 4.438, 9.64, 12.7 and 15.1 MeV states. We also describe the theoretical interpretation of our measurements using optical model analysis. We also report the branching ratios from our measurements. For the first time, we have measured the the cross section and branching ratio for the 9.64 MeV state.
We measured the 12C(e,ep) cross section as a function of missing energy in parallel kinematics for (q,w) = (970 MeV/c, 330 MeV) and (990 MeV/c, 475 MeV). At w=475 MeV, at the maximum of the quasielastic peak, there is a large continuum (E_m > 50 MeV) cross section extending out to the deepest missing energy measured, amounting to almost 50% of the measured cross section. The ratio of data to DWIA calculation is 0.4 for both the p- and s-shells. At w=330 MeV, well below the maximum of the quasielastic peak, the continuum cross section is much smaller and the ratio of data to DWIA calculation is 0.85 for the p-shell and 1.0 for the s-shell. We infer that one or more mechanisms that increase with $omega$ transform some of the single-nucleon-knockout into multinucleon knockout, decreasing the valence knockout cross section and increasing the continuum cross section.
The very first in-ring reaction experiment at the HIRFL-CSR heavy-ion storage ring, namely proton elastic scattering on stable $^{58}$Ni nuclei, is presented. The circulating $^{58}$Ni$^{19+}$ ions with an energy of 95 MeV/u were interacting repeatedly with an internal hydrogen gas target in the CSRe experimental ring. Low energy proton recoils from the elastic collisions were measured with an ultra-high vacuum compatible silicon-strip detector. Deduced differential cross sections were normalized by measuring K-shell X-rays from $^{58}$Ni$^{19+}$ projectiles due to the $^{58}$Ni$^{19+}$-H$_2$ ionization collisions. Compared to the experimental cross sections, a good agreement has been achieved with the theoretical predictions in the measured region, which were obtained by using the global phenomenological optical model potentials. Our results enable new research opportunities for optical model potential studies on exotic nuclides by using the in-ring reaction setup at the HIRFL-CSR facility.
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