No Arabic abstract
Conventional perturbative QCD calculations on the production of a heavy quark ``$H$ consist of two contrasting approaches: the usual QCD parton formalism uses the zero-mass approximation ($m_H=0$) once above threshold, and treats $H$ just like the other light partons; on the other hand, most recent ``NLO heavy quark calculations treat $m_H$ as a % large parameter and always consider $H$ as a heavy particle, never as a parton, irrespective of the energy scale of the physical process. By their very nature, both these approaches are limited in their regions of applicability. This dichotomy can be resolved in a unified general-mass variable-flavor-number scheme, which retains the $m_H$ dependence at all energies, and which naturally reduces to the two conventional approaches in their respective region of validity. Recent applications to lepto- and hadro-production of heavy quarks are briefly summarized.
The systematic treatment of heavy quark mass effects in DIS in current CTEQ global analysis is summarized. Applications of this treatment to the comparison between theory and experimental data on DIS charm production are described. The possibility of intrinsic charm in the nucleon is studied. The issue of determining the charm mass in global analysis is discussed.
When the energy of the heavy quark is comparable with its mass, it is natural to attribute this heavy quark to the hard part of the reaction. At large energies, this approach is impractical due to large logarithms from intensive QCD radiation affecting both inclusive and differential observables. We present a formalism for all-order summation of such logarithms and reliable description of heavy-quark distributions at all energies. As an illustration, we calculate angular distributions of B-mesons produced in neutral-current events at large momentum transfers at the ep collider HERA.
We present the CTEQ6HQ parton distribution set which is determined in the general variable flavor number scheme which incorporates heavy flavor mass effects; hence, this set provides advantages for precision observables which are sensitive to charm and bottom quark masses. We describe the analysis procedure, examine the predominant features of the new distributions, and compare with previous distributions. We also examine the uncertainties of the strange quark distribution and how the the recent NuTeV dimuon data constrains this quantity.
In this paper we estimate the double parton scattering (DPS) contribution for the heavy quark production in $pA$ collisions at the LHC. The cross sections for the charm and bottom production are estimated using the dipole approach and taking into account the saturation effects, which are important for high energies and for the scattering with a large nucleus. We compare the DPS contribution with the single parton scattering one and demonstrate that in the case of charm production both are similar in the kinematical range probed by the LHC. Predictions for the rapidity range analysed by the LHCb Collaboration are also presented. Our results indicate that the study of the DPS contribution for the heavy quark production in $pPb$ collisions at the LHC is feasible and can be useful to probe the main assumptions of the approach.
We present predictions for heavy-quark production for proton-lead collisions at LHC energy 5.5 TeV from Glauber-Gribov theory of nuclear shadowing. We have also made predictions for baseline cold-matter (in other words inital-state) nuclear effects in lead-lead collisions at the same energy that has to be taken into account to understand properly final-state effects.