We investigate from first principles the introduction of isospin-1 vector and axial-vector fields into the nonlinear sigma model. Chiral symmetry is nonlinearly realised and spin-1 fields are assumed to transform homogeneously under chiral rotations. By requiring the Hamiltonian of the theory to be bounded from below we find inequalities relating three- and four-point meson couplings. This leads to a low-energy phenomenological Lagrangian for the nonanomalous sector of $pirho a_1$ strong interactions.
We study the five chirality-flipping interactions that appear in the top-Higgs sector at leading order in the standard model effective field theory. We consider constraints from collider observables, flavor physics, and electric-dipole-moment experiments. This analysis results in very competitive constraints from indirect observables when one considers a single coupling at a time. In addition, we discuss how these limits are affected in scenarios in which multiple top-Higgs interactions are generated at the scale of new physics.
We establish constraints on a general four-fermion contact interaction from precise measurements of electroweak parameters. We compute the one-loop contribution for the leptonic $Z$ width, anomalous magnetic, weak-magnetic, electric and weak dipole moments of leptons in order to extract bounds on the energy scale of these effective interactions.
We explore the signals of axion-like particles (ALPs) in flavor-changing neutral current (FCNC) processes. The most general effective linear Lagrangian for ALP couplings to the electroweak bosonic sector is considered, and its contribution to FCNC decays is computed up to one-loop order. The interplay between the different couplings opens new territory for experimental exploration, as analyzed here in the ALP mass range $0<m_a lesssim 5$ GeV. When kinematically allowed, $Kto pi u bar{ u}$ decays provide the most stringent constraints for channels with invisible final states, while $B$-meson decays are more constraining for visible decay channels, such as displaced vertices in $Bto K^{(ast)} mu^+ mu^-$ data. The complementarity with collider constraints is discussed as well.
We consider the minimal interacting theory of a single tower of spin j=0,2,4,... massless Fronsdal fields in flat space for which consistent covariant cubic interaction vertices are known. We address the question of constraints on possible quartic interaction vertices imposed by the condition of on-shell gauge invariance of the tree-level four-point scattering amplitudes involving three spin 0 and one spin j particle. We find that these constraints admit a local solution for quartic 000j interaction term in the action only for j=2 and j=4. We determine the non-local terms in four-vertices required in the case of spin j greater than 4 and show that these non-localities can be interpreted as a result of integrating out a tower of auxiliary ghost-like massless higher spin fields in an extended theory with a local action. We also consider the conformal off-shell extension of the Einstein theory and show that its perturbative expansion is the same as of the the non-local action resulting from integrating out the trace of the graviton field from the Einstein action. Motivated by this example, we conjecture the existence of a similar conformal off-shell extension of a massless higher spin theory that may be related to the above extended theory and may have the same infinite-dimensional symmetry as the conformal higher spin theory and thus may lead to a trivial S matrix.
We consider the chiral Lagrangian for baryon fields with J^P =frac{1}{2}^+ or J^P =frac{3}{2}^+ quantum numbers as constructed from QCD with up, down and strange quarks. The specific class of counter terms that are of chiral order Q^3 and contribute to meson-baryon interactions at the two-body level is constructed. Altogether we find 24 terms. In order to pave the way for realistic applications we establish a set of 22 sum rules for the low-energy constants as they are implied by QCD in the large-N_c limit. Given such a constraint there remain only 2 independent unknown parameters that need to be determined by either Lattice QCD simulations or directly from experimental cross section measurements. At subleading order we arrive at 5 parameters.