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Register a new userThe Forward-Backward Asymmetry in the $B to piell^+ell^-$ Decay
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Altug Arda
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Using the most general effective Hamiltonian comprising scalar,vector and tensor type interactions, we have written the branching ratio, the forward-backward (FB) asymmetry and the normalized FB asymmetry as functions of the new Wilson coefficients. It is found that the branching ratio depends on all new coefficients,but the dependence of asymmetries on coefficients could be analyzed only for one Wilson coefficient.
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We report a measurement of the ratios of Wilson coefficients $A_9/A_7$ and $A_{10}/A_7$ in $B to K^* ell^+ ell^-$. The result is obtained from a data sample containing 386 million $Bbar{B}$ pairs that was collected at the $Upsilon(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric energy $e^+ e^-$ collider.
The forward-backward (FB) asymmetry of $b$ quarks in $e^+e^-$ collisions at the Z pole measured at LEP, $A_{FB}^{0,b} = 0.0992pm0.0016$, remains today the electroweak precision observable with the largest disagreement (2.4$sigma$) with respect to the Standard Model prediction, $(A_{FB}^{0,b})_{_{rm th}} = 0.1030 pm 0.0002$. Beyond the dominant statistical uncertainties, QCD effects, such as $b$-quark showering and hadronization, are the leading sources of $A_{FB}^{0,b}$ systematic uncertainty, and have not been revised in the last twenty years. We reassess the QCD uncertainties of the eight original $A_{FB}^{0,b}$ LEP measurements, using modern parton shower PYTHIA-8 and PYTHIA-8 + VINCIA simulations with nine different implementations of soft and collinear radiation as well as of parton fragmentation. Our analysis, combined with NNLO massive $b$-quark corrections independently computed recently, indicates total propagated QCD uncertainties of $sim$0.7% and $sim$0.3% for the lepton-charge and jet-charge analyses, respectively, that are about a factor of two smaller than those of the original LEP results. Accounting for such updated QCD effects leads to a new $A_{FB}^{0,b} = 0.0996pm0.0016$ average, with a data-theory tension slightly reduced from 2.4$sigma$ to 2.1$sigma$. Confirmation or resolution of this long-term discrepancy requires a new high-luminosity $e^+e^-$ collider collecting orders-of-magnitude more data at the Z pole to significantly reduce the $A_{FB}^{0,b}$ statistical uncertainties.
We study logarithmically enhanced electromagnetic corrections to the decay rate in the high dilepton invariant mass region as well as corrections to the forward backward asymmetry (FBA) of the inclusive rare decay $bar{B} to X_s ell^+ ell^-$. As expected, the relative effect of these corrections in the high dilepton mass region is around -8% for the muonic final state and therefore much larger than in the low dilepton mass region. We also present a complete phenomenological analysis, to improved NNLO accuracy, of the dilepton mass spectrum and the FBA integrated in the low dilepton mass region, including a new approach to the zero of the FBA. The latter represents one of the most precise predictions in flavour physics with a theoretical uncertainty of order 5%. We find $(q_0^2)_{mumu} = (3.50 pm 0.12) gev^2$. For the high dilepton invariant mass region, we have ${cal B}(bar Bto X_smumu)_{rm high} = (2.40^{+0.69}_{-0.62}) times 10^{-7}$. The dominant uncertainty is due to the $1/m_b$ corrections and can be significantly reduced in the future. For the low dilepton invariant mass region, we confirm previous results up to small corrections.
We report the first measurement of the lepton forward-backward asymmetry ${cal A}_{rm FB}$ as a function of the squared four-momentum of the dilepton system, $q^2$, for the electroweak penguin process $B rightarrow X_s ell^+ ell^-$ with a sum of exclusive final states, where $ell$ is an electron or a muon and $X_s$ is a hadronic recoil system with an $s$ quark. The results are based on a data sample containing $772times10^6$ $Bbar{B}$ pairs recorded at the $Upsilon(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB $e^+ e^-$ collider. ${cal A}_{rm FB}$ for the inclusive $B rightarrow X_s ell^+ ell^-$ is extrapolated from the sum of 10 exclusive $X_s$ states whose invariant mass is less than 2 GeV/$c^2$. For $q^2 > 10.2$ GeV$^2$/$c^2$, ${cal A}_{rm FB} < 0$ is excluded at the 2.3$sigma$ level, where $sigma$ is the standard deviation. For $q^2 < 4.3$ GeV$^2$/$c^2$, the result is within 1.8$sigma$ of the Standard Model theoretical expectation.
In recent years, intriguing hints for the violation of lepton flavour universality have accumulated. In particular, deviations from the Standard-Model (SM) predictions in $Bto D^{(*)}tau u/Bto D^{(*)}ell u$, in the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon and {in} $bto sell^+ell^-$ data were observed with a significance of $!>3,sigma$, $>!4,sigma$ and $>!5,sigma$, respectively. Furthermore, in a recent re-analysis of 2018 Belle data, it was found that the forward-backward asymmetry of $bar B to D^{*}mubar u$ vs $bar Bto D^{*}ebar u$ disagrees with the SM prediction by $approx!!4,sigma$ which would be an additional sign of lepton flavour universality violation. Since one naturally expects muon-related new effects to also emerge at some point in $b to cmu u$ decays, the above putative deviation might share a common origin with the other flavour anomalies. We show that a tensor operator is necessary to significantly improve the global fit w.r.t. the SM, which can only be induced (at tree-level in a renormalizable model) by a scalar leptoquark. Interestingly, among the two possible representations, the $SU(2)_L$-singlet $S_1$ and the doublet $S_2$, which can both also account for the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, only $S_1$ can provide a good fit as it naturally gives rise to the scenario $C_{VL}, C_{SL}=-4 C_T$. While the constraints from (differences of) other angular observables prefer a smaller value $Delta A_{rm FB}$, this scenario is significantly preferred ($approx 3 sigma$) over the SM hypothesis and compatible with constraints such as $Bto K^* u u$ and electroweak precision bounds.
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