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Noise Dressing of Financial Correlation Matrices

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 Added by Marc Potters
 Publication date 1998
  fields Physics
and research's language is English




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We show that results from the theory of random matrices are potentially of great interest to understand the statistical structure of the empirical correlation matrices appearing in the study of price fluctuations. The central result of the present study is the remarkable agreement between the theoretical prediction (based on the assumption that the correlation matrix is random) and empirical data concerning the density of eigenvalues associated to the time series of the different stocks of the S&P500 (or other major markets). In particular the present study raises serious doubts on the blind use of empirical correlation matrices for risk management.



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Financial correlation matrices measure the unsystematic correlations between stocks. Such information is important for risk management. The correlation matrices are known to be ``noise dressed. We develop a new and alternative method to estimate this noise. To this end, we simulate certain time series and random matrices which can model financial correlations. With our approach, different correlation structures buried under this noise can be detected. Moreover, we introduce a measure for the relation between noise and correlations. Our method is based on a power mapping which efficiently suppresses the noise. Neither further data processing nor additional input is needed.
In this paper, we provide a negative answer to a long-standing open problem on the compatibility of Spearmans rho matrices. Following an equivalence of Spearmans rho matrices and linear correlation matrices for dimensions up to 9 in the literature, we show non-equivalence for dimensions 12 or higher. In particular, we connect this problem with the existence of a random vector under some linear projection restrictions in two characterization results.
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