No Arabic abstract
The performance of machine learning algorithms used for the segmentation of 3D biomedical images lags behind that of the algorithms employed in the classification of 2D photos. This may be explained by the comparative lack of high-volume, high-quality training datasets, which require state-of-the art imaging facilities, domain experts for annotation and large computational and personal resources to create. The HR-Kidney dataset presented in this work bridges this gap by providing 1.7 TB of artefact-corrected synchrotron radiation-based X-ray phase-contrast microtomography images of whole mouse kidneys and validated segmentations of 33 729 glomeruli, which represents a 1-2 orders of magnitude increase over currently available biomedical datasets. The dataset further contains the underlying raw data, classical segmentations of renal vasculature and uriniferous tubules, as well as true 3D manual annotations. By removing limits currently imposed by small training datasets, the provided data open up the possibility for disruptions in machine learning for biomedical image analysis.
The hearts, kidneys, livers, spleens and brains of ${}^57$Fe enriched wild-type and heterozygous $beta$-thalassaemic mice at 1, 3, 6 and 9 months of age were studied by means of Mossbauer Spectroscopy at 80K. Ferritin-like iron depositions in the heart and the brain of the thalassaemic mice were found to be slightly increased while significant amounts of Ferritin-like iron were found in the kidneys, liver and spleen. The ferritin-like iron doublet, found in the organs, could be further separated into two sub-doublets representing the inner and surface structures of ferritin mineral core. Surface iron sites were found to be predominant in the hearts and brains of all mice and in the kidneys of the wild-type animals. Ferritin rich in inner iron sites was predominant in the kidneys of the thalassaemic mice, as well as in the livers and in the spleens. The inner-to-surface iron sites ratio was elevated in all thalassaemic samples indicating that besides ferritin amount, the disease can also affect ferritin mineral core structure.
We present a method to infer the 3D pose of mice, including the limbs and feet, from monocular videos. Many human clinical conditions and their corresponding animal models result in abnormal motion, and accurately measuring 3D motion at scale offers insights into health. The 3D poses improve classification of health-related attributes over 2D representations. The inferred poses are accurate enough to estimate stride length even when the feet are mostly occluded. This method could be applied as part of a continuous monitoring system to non-invasively measure animal health.
Human activities are hugely restricted by COVID-19, recently. Robots that can conduct inter-floor navigation attract much public attention, since they can substitute human workers to conduct the service work. However, current robots either depend on human assistance or elevator retrofitting, and fully autonomous inter-floor navigation is still not available. As the very first step of inter-floor navigation, elevator button segmentation and recognition hold an important position. Therefore, we release the first large-scale publicly available elevator panel dataset in this work, containing 3,718 panel images with 35,100 button labels, to facilitate more powerful algorithms on autonomous elevator operation. Together with the dataset, a number of deep learning based implementations for button segmentation and recognition are also released to benchmark future methods in the community. The dataset will be available at url{https://github.com/zhudelong/elevator_button_recognition
This paper introduces a new benchmarking dataset for marine snow removal of underwater images. Marine snow is one of the main degradation sources of underwater images that are caused by small particles, e.g., organic matter and sand, between the underwater scene and photosensors. We mathematically model two typical types of marine snow from the observations of real underwater images. The modeled artifacts are synthesized with underwater images to construct large-scale pairs of ground-truth and degraded images to calculate objective qualities for marine snow removal and to train a deep neural network. We propose two marine snow removal tasks using the dataset and show the first benchmarking results of marine snow removal. The Marine Snow Removal Benchmarking Dataset is publicly available online.
We present a new public dataset with a focus on simulating robotic vision tasks in everyday indoor environments using real imagery. The dataset includes 20,000+ RGB-D images and 50,000+ 2D bounding boxes of object instances densely captured in 9 unique scenes. We train a fast object category detector for instance detection on our data. Using the dataset we show that, although increasingly accurate and fast, the state of the art for object detection is still severely impacted by object scale, occlusion, and viewing direction all of which matter for robotics applications. We next validate the dataset for simulating active vision, and use the dataset to develop and evaluate a deep-network-based system for next best move prediction for object classification using reinforcement learning. Our dataset is available for download at cs.unc.edu/~ammirato/active_vision_dataset_website/.