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The relaxation time approximation (RTA) is a well known method of describing the time evolution of a statistical ensemble by linking distributions of the variables of interest at different stages of their temporal evolution. We show that if all the distributions occurring in the RTA have the same functional form of a quasi-power Tsallis distribution the time evolution of which depends on the time evolution of its control parameter, nonextensivity $q(t)$, then it is more convenient to consider only the time evolution of this control parameter.
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We derive approximate iterative analytical solutions of the non-extensive Boltzmann transport equation in the relaxation time approximation. The approximate solutions almost overlap with the exact solution for a considerably wide range of the parameter values found in describing particle spectra originated in high-energy collisions. We also discuss the Landau kinetic approximation of the non-extensive Boltzmann transport equation and the emergence of the non-extensive Fokker-Planck equation, and use it to estimate the drag and diffusion coefficients of highly energetic light quarks passing through a gluonic plasma.
We extend the Boltzmann equation in the relaxation time approximation to explicitly include transitions between particles forming an interacting mixture. Using the detailed balance condition as well as conditions of energy-momentum and current conservation, we show that only two independent relaxation time scales are allowed in such an interacting system. Dissipative hydrodynamic equations and the form of transport coefficients is subsequently derived for this case. We find that the shear and bulk viscosity coefficients, as well as the baryon charge conductivity are independent of the transition time scale. However, the bulk viscosity and conductivity coefficients that can be attributed to the individual components of the mixture depend on the transition time.
Here we derive the relativistic resistive dissipative second-order magnetohydrodynamic evolution equations using the Boltzmann equation, thus extending our work from the previous paper href{https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/JHEP03(2021)216}{JHEP 03 (2021) 216} where we considered the non-resistive limit. We solve the Boltzmann equation for a system of particles and antiparticles using the relaxation time approximation and the Chapman-Enskog like gradient expansion for the off-equilibrium distribution function, truncating beyond second-order. In the first order, the bulk and shear stress are independent of the electromagnetic field, however, the diffusion current, shows a dependence on the electric field. In the first order, the transport coefficients~(shear and bulk stress) are shown to be independent of the electromagnetic field. The diffusion current, however, shows a dependence on the electric field. In the second-order, the new transport coefficients that couple electromagnetic field with the dissipative quantities appear, which are different from those obtained in the 14-moment approximation~cite{Denicol:2019iyh} in the presence of the electromagnetic field. Also we found out the various components of conductivity in this case.
Quantum effects in material systems are often pronounced at low energies and become insignificant at high temperatures. We find that, perhaps counterintuitively, certain quantum effects may follow the opposite route and become sharp when extrapolated to high temperature within a classical liquid phase. In the current work, we suggest basic quantum bounds on relaxation (and thermalization) times, examine kinetic theory by taking into account such possible fundamental quantum time scales, find new general equalities connecting semi-classical dynamics and thermodynamics to Plancks constant, and compute current correlation functions. Our analysis suggests that, on average, the extrapolated high temperature dynamical viscosity of general liquids may tend to a value set by the product of the particle number density ${sf n}$ and Plancks constant $h$. We compare this theoretical result with experimental measurements of an ensemble of 23 metallic fluids where this seems to indeed be the case. The extrapolated high temperature viscosity of each of these liquids $eta$ divided (for each respective fluid by its value of ${sf n} h$) veers towards a Gaussian with an ensemble average value that is close to unity up to an error of size $0.6 %$. Inspired by the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis, we suggest a relation between the lowest equilibration temperature to the melting or liquidus temperature and discuss a possible corollary concerning the absence of finite temperature ideal glass transitions. We suggest a general quantum mechanical derivation for the viscosity of glasses at general temperatures. We invoke similar ideas to discuss other transport properties and demonstrate how simple behaviors including resistivity saturation and linear $T$ resistivity may appear very naturally. Our approach suggests that minimal time lags may be present in fluid dynamics.
The present article is concerned with the use of approximations in the calculation of the many-body density of states (MBDS) of a system with total energy E, composed by N bosons. In the mean-field framework, an integral expression for MBDS, which is proper to be performed by asymptotic expansions, can be derived. However, the standard second order steepest descent method cannot be applied to this integral when the ground-state is sufficiently populated. Alternatively, we derive a uniform formula for MBDS, which is potentially able to deal with this regime. In the case of the one-dimensional harmonic oscillator, using results found in the number theory literature, we show that the uniform formula improves the standard expression achieved by means of the second order method.
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