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Register a new userCasimir Wormholes in (2+1) Dimensions with Applications to the Graphene
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In this paper we show that wormholes in (2+1) dimensions (3-D) cannot be sourced solely by both Casimir energy and tension, differently from what happens in a 4-D scenario, in which case it has been shown recently, by the direct computation of the exact shape and redshift functions of a wormhole solution, that this is possible. We show that in a 3-D spacetime the same is not true since the arising of at least an event horizon is inevitable. We do the analysis for massive and massless fermions, as well as for scalar fields, considering quasi-periodic boundary conditions and find that a possibility to circumvent such a restriction is to introduce, besides the 3-D Casimir energy density and tension, a cosmological constant, embedding the surface in a 4-D manifold and applying a perpendicular weak magnetic field. This causes an additional tension on it, which contributes to the formation of the wormhole. Finally, we discuss the possibility of producing the condensed matter analogous of this wormhole in a graphene sheet and analyze the electronic transport through it.
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A C-metric type solution for general relativity with cosmological constant is presented in 2+1 dimensions. It is interpreted as a three-dimensional black hole accelerated by a strut. Positive values of the cosmological constant are admissible too. Some embeddings of this metric in the 3+1 space-time are considered: accelerating BTZ black string and a black ring where the gravitational force is sustained by the acceleration.
We study radial perturbations of a wormhole in $R^2$ gravity to determine regions of stability. We also investigate massive and massless particle orbits and tidal forces in this space-time for a radially infalling observer.
Wormholes (WH) require negative energy, and therefore an exotic matter source. Since Casimir energy is negative, it has been speculated as a good candidate to source that objects a long time ago. However only very recently a full solution for D = 4 has been found by Garattini [1], thus the Casimir energy can be a source of traversable WHs. Soon later Alencar et al [2] have shown, that this is not true in D = 3. In this paper, we show that Casimir energy can be a source of the Morris-Thorne WH for all spacetime with D > 3. Finally, we add the cosmological constant and find that for D = 3 Casimir WHs are possible, however, the space must always being AdS. For D > 3, we show that the cosmological constant invert the signal with increasing throat size.
In this paper, we investigate the gravitational bending angle due to the Casimir wormholes, which consider the Casimir energy as the source. Furthermore, some of these Casimir wormholes regard Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) corrections of Casimir energy. We use the Ishihara method for the Jacobi metric, which allows us to study the bending angle of light and massive test particles for finite distances. Beyond the uncorrected Casimir source, we consider many GUP corrections, namely: the Kempf, Mangano and Mann (KMM) model, the Detournay, Gabriel and Spindel (DGS) model, and the so-called type II model for the GUP principle. We also find the deflection angle of light and massive particles in the case of the receiver and the source are far away from the lens. In this case, we also compute the optical scalars: convergence and shear for these Casimir wormholes as a gravitational weak lens.
In 6D general relativity with a phantom scalar field as a source of gravity, we present solutions that implement a transition from an effective 4D geometry times small extra dimensions to an effectively 6D space-time where the physical laws are different from ours. We consider manifolds with the structure M0 x M1 x M2, where M0 is 2D Lorentzian space-time while each of M1 and M2 can be a 2-sphere or a 2-torus. Some solutions describe wormholes with spherical symmetry in our space-time and toroidal extra dimensions. Others are of black universe type: at one end there is a 6D asymptotically anti-de Sitter black hole while beyond the horizon the geometry tends to a 4D de Sitter cosmology times a small 2D spherical extra space.
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