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Register a new userSustainable improvement of seeds vigor using dry atmospheric plasma priming: evidence through coating wettability, water uptake and plasma reactive chemistry
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Lentil seeds have been packed in a dielectric barrier device and exposed for several minutes to a cold atmospheric plasma generated in helium with/without a reactive gas (nitrogen or oxygen). While no impact is evidenced on germination rates (caping nearly at 100% with/without plasma exposure), seeds vigor is clearly improved with a median germination time decreasing from 1850 min (31h) to 1500 min (26 h), hence representing a time saving of at least 5 hours. We show that the admixture of nitrogen to helium can further increase this time saving up to 8 hours. Contrarily, we demonstrate that the addition of molecular oxygen to the helium discharge does not promote seeds vigor. Whatever the plasma chemistry utilized, these biological effects are accompanied with strong hydrophilization of the seed coating (with a decrease in contact angles from 118{deg} to 25{deg}) as well as increased water absorption (water uptakes measured 8 hours after imbibition are close to 50% for plasma-treated seeds instead of 37% for seeds from the control group). A follow-up of the seeds over a 45-days ageing period shows the sustainability of the plasma-triggered biological effects: whatever the plasma treatment, seeds vigor remains stable and much higher than for seeds unexposed to plasma). For these reasons, the seed-packed dielectric barrier device (SP-DBD) supplied with a He-N2 gas mixture can be considered as a relevant dry atmospheric priming plasma (DAPP) in the same way as those used in routine by seed companies.
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Cold atmospheric plasma treatments have been applied on lenses seeds and shoots to improve their germination and vigor rates. Two approaches have been considered: direct plasma exposure and plasma activation of liquids (tap water, demineralized water and liquid fertilizer). A special focus has been drawn on reactive oxygen species generated in the plasma phase but also in plasma activated media to understand their impact on germination process as well as on plants growth.
Tap water, demineralized water and liquid fertilizer have been activated using an atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) to investigate their benefits for the germination rate and stem elongation rate of lentils from Puy-en-Velay (France). By plasma-activating tap water, we have obtained germination rates as high as 80% (instead of 30% with tap water). Also, higher stem elongation rates and final stem lengths were obtained using activated tap water compared with commercial fertilizer. We show that these rates of germination and stem growth strongly depend on the combination of two radicals generated in the liquids by the plasma: hydrogen peroxide and nitrate. This synergy appears to be a condition for releasing seed dormancy through the endogenous production of NO radicals.
Optical emission spectroscopy from a small-volume, 5 uL, atmospheric pressure RF-driven helium plasma was used in conjunction with Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) for the detection of trace concentrations of methane gas. A limit of detection of 1 ppm was obtained and sample concentrations up to 100 ppm CH4 were classified using a nine-category model. A range of algorithm enhancements were investigated including regularization, simple data segmentation and subset selection, VIP feature selection and wavelength variable compression in order to address the high dimensionality and collinearity of spectral emission data. These approaches showed the potential for significant reduction in the number of wavelength variables and the spectral resolution/bandwidth. Wavelength variable compression exhibited reliable predictive performance, with accuracy values > 97%, under more challenging multi-session train - test scenarios. Simple modelling of plasma electron energy distribution functions highlights the complex cross-sensitivities between the target methane, its dissociation products and atmospheric impurities and their impact on excitation and emission.
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) was shown to affect cells not only directly, but also indirectly by means of plasma pre-treated solution. This study investigated a new application of CAP generated in deionized (DI) water for the cancer therapy. In our experiments, the CAP solution was generated in DI water using helium as carrier gas. We report on the effects of this plasma solution in breast (MDA-MD-231) and gastric (NCI-N87) cancer cells. The results revealed that apoptosis efficiency was dependent on the plasma exposure time and on the levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS). The plasma solution that resulted from 30-minute treatment of DI water had the most significant effect in the rate of apoptosis.
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an important signaling molecule in cancer cells. However, the significant secretion of H2O2 by cancer cells have been rarely observed. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a near room temperature ionized gas composed of neutral particles, charged particles, reactive species, and electrons. Here, we first demonstrated that breast cancer cells and pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells generated micromolar level H2O2 during just 1 min of direct CAP treatment on these cells. The cell-based H2O2 generation is affected by the medium volume, the cell confluence, as well as the discharge voltage. The application of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) in the cancer treatment has been intensively investigated over the past decade. Several cellular responses to the CAP treatment have been observed including the consumption of the CAP-originated reactive species, the rise of intracellular reactive oxygen species, the damage on DNA and mitochondria, as well as the activation of apoptotic events. This is a new previously unknown cellular response to CAP, which provides a new prospective to understand the interaction between CAP and cells.
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