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Register a new userElectromagnetic neutrino properties: new constraints and new effects
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Authors
Alexander Studenikin
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The electromagnetic properties of neutrinos have attracted considerable attention from researchers for many decades (see [1] for a review). However, until recently, there was no indication in favour of nonzero electromagnetic properties of neutrinos either from laboratory experiments with ground-based neutrino sources or from observations of astrophysical neutrino fluxes. The situation changed after the XENON collaboration reported [2] results of the search for new physics with low-energy electronic recoil data recorded with the XENON1T detector. The results show an excess of events over the known backgrounds in the recoil energy which, as one of the possible explanations, admit the presence of a sizable neutrino magnetic moment, the value of which is of the order of the existing laboratory limitations. In these short notes we give a brief introduction to neutrino electromagnetic properties and focus on the most important constraints on neutrino magnetic moments, charge radii and millicharges from the terrestrial experiments and astrophysical considerations. The promising new possibilities for constraining neutrino electromagnetic properties in future experiments are also discussed.
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A short overview of neutrino electromagnetic properties with focus on existed experimental constraints and future prospects is presented. The related new effect in neutrino flavour and spin-flavour oscillations in the transversal matter currents is introduced.
The presence of medium and external magnetic field change electromagnetic properties of neutrino. In this article the behavior of neutrino magnetic moment in electromagnetic field is considered. On the basis the Bargmann-Michel-Telegdi equation for the case of models with CP invariance and P nonconservation the new type of neutrino resonances $ u_L leftrightarrow u_R$ in the electromagnetic field is predicted.
We demonstrate that megaton-mass neutrino telescopes are able to observe the signal from long-lived particles beyond the Standard Model, in particular the stau, the supersymmetric partner of the tau lepton. Its signature is an excess of charged particle tracks with horizontal arrival directions and energy deposits between 0.1 and 1 TeV inside the detector. We exploit this previously-overlooked signature to search for stau particles in the publicly available IceCube data. The data shows no evidence of physics beyond the Standard Model. We derive a new lower limit on the stau mass of $320$ GeV (95% C.L.) and estimate that this new approach, when applied to the full data set available to the IceCube collaboration, will reach world-leading sensitivity to the stau mass ($m_{tilde{tau}}=450,mathrm{GeV}$).
Dark matter (DM) scattering and its subsequent capture in the Sun can boost the local relic density, leading to an enhanced neutrino flux from DM annihilations that is in principle detectable at neutrino telescopes. We calculate the event rates expected for a radiative seesaw model containing both scalar triplet and singlet-doublet fermion DM candidates. In the case of scalar DM, the absence of a spin dependent scattering on nuclei results in a low capture rate in the Sun, which is reflected in an event rate of less than one per year in the current IceCube configuration with 86 strings. For singlet-doublet fermion DM, there is a spin dependent scattering process next to the spin independent one, which significantly boosts the event rate and thus makes indirect detection competitive with respect to the direct detection limits imposed by PICO-60. Due to a correlation between both scattering processes, the limits on the spin independent cross section set by XENON1T exclude also parts of the parameter space that can be probed at IceCube. Previously obtained limits by ANTARES, IceCube and Super-Kamiokande from the Sun and the Galactic Center are shown to be much weaker.
We point out that light gauge boson mediators could induce new interference effects in neutrino-electron scattering that can be used to enhance the sensitivity of neutrino-flavor-selective high-intensity neutrino experiments, such as DUNE. We particularly emphasize a destructive interference effect, leading to a deficit between the Standard Model expectation and the experimental measurement of the differential cross-sections, which is prominent only in either the neutrino or the antineutrino mode, depending on the mediator couplings. Therefore, the individual neutrino (or antineutrino) mode could allow for sensitivity reaches superior to the combined analysis, and moreover, could distinguish between different types of gauge boson mediators.
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