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Register a new userNovel imaging technique for $alpha$-particles using a fast optical camera
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A new imaging technique for $alpha$-particles using a fast optical camera focused on a thin scintillator is presented. As $alpha$-particles interact in a thin layer of LYSO fast scintillator, they produce a localized flash of light. The light is collected with a lens to an intensified optical camera, Tpx3Cam, with single photon sensitivity and excellent spatial & temporal resolutions. The interactions of photons with the camera is reconstructed by means of a custom algorithm, capable of discriminating single photons using time and spatial information.
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Muography is a well estabilished method to obtain 3D images of large objects (e.g. volcanoes and large buildings) without any additional particle source, taking advantage of the presence of cosmic muons. The underlying principle of muography is the measurement of individual muon tracks and the determination of their absorption or scattering. These processes depend on the material that they have travelled through. The novel method discussed is based on the measurement of the muon tracks and of the corresponding particles those were produced by the muons themselves in the investigated target. As muons pass through matter they interact with matter by ionization, bremsstrahlung, pair production and nuclear interactions. Our experimental setup is designed in a way to measure both the primary muons and the created secondaries (mostly electrons and gammas). The tracks of the muons are determined by a special kind of Multi-Wire Proportional Chambers (MWPC) called CCC (Close Cathode Chamber). The secondary particles produced in the target are measured by four plastic scintillators placed around the target. The CCC chambers and the scintillators are used in coincidence in order to gather data about muons those passed through the target. As cross sections of the described processes vary by the density and the atomic number of materials this technique could be used to investigate the material content of the target.
Cascades from high-energy particles produce a brief current and associated magnetic fields. Even sub-nanosecond duration magnetic fields can be detected with a relatively low bandwidth system by latching image currents on a capacitor. At accelerators, this technique is employed routinely by beam-current monitors, which work for pulses even as fast as femtoseconds. We discuss scaling up these instruments in size, to 100 meters and beyond, to serve as a new kind of ground- and space-based high-energy particle detector which can instrument large areas relatively inexpensively. This new technique may be used to detect and/or veto ultra-high energy cosmic-ray showers above 100 PeV. It may also be applied to searches for hypothetical highly charged particles. In addition, these detectors may serve to search for extremely short magnetic field pulses of any origin, faster than other detectors by orders of magnitude.
The conceptual design and operational principle of a novel high-efficiency, fast neutron imaging detector based on THGEM, intended for future fan-beam transmission tomography applications, is described. We report on a feasibility study based on theoretical modeling and computer simulations of a possible detector configuration prototype. In particular we discuss results regarding the optimization of detector geometry, estimation of its general performance, and expected imaging quality: it has been estimated that detection efficiency of around 5-8% can be achieved for 2.5MeV neutrons; spatial resolution is around one millimeter with no substantial degradation due to scattering effects. The foreseen applications of the imaging system are neutron tomography in non-destructive testing for the nuclear energy industry, including examination of spent nuclear fuel bundles, detection of explosives or drugs, as well as investigation of thermal hydraulics phenomena (e.g., two-phase flow, heat transfer, phase change, coolant dynamics, and liquid metal flow).
For the first time, a direct detection BOTDR is demonstrated for distributed dynamic strain sensing incorporating double-edge technique, time-division multiplexing technique and upconversion technique. The double edges are realized by using the transmission curve and reflection curve of an all-fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI). Benefiting from the low loss of the fiber at, the time-division multiplexing technique is performed to realize the double-edge technique by using only a single-channel FPI and only one piece of a detector. In order to detect the weak spontaneous Brillouin backscattering signal efficiently, a fiber-coupled upconversion detector is adopted to upconvert the backscattering signal at 1548.1 nm to 863 nm, which is detected by a Si-APD finally. In the experiment, dynamic strain disturbance up to 1.9m{epsilon} over 1.5 km of polarization maintaining fiber is detected at a sampling rate of 30 Hz. An accuracy of 30{mu}{epsilon} and spatial resolution of 0.6 m is realized.
We have developed a novel technique for the measurement of the avalanche fluctuation of gaseous detectors using a UV laser. The technique is simple and requires a short data-taking time of about ten minutes. Furthermore, it is applicable for relatively low gas gains. Our experimental setup as well as the measurement principle, and the results obtained with a stack of Gas Electron Multipliers (GEMs) operated in several gas mixtures are presented.
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