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Register a new userQuantum Software Engineering: Landscapes and Horizons
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Added by
Jianjun Zhao
Publication date
2020
fields
Informatics Engineering
and research's language is
English
Authors
Jianjun Zhao
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Quantum software plays a critical role in exploiting the full potential of quantum computing systems. As a result, it is drawing increasing attention recently. This paper defines the term quantum software engineering and introduces a quantum software life cycle. Based on these, the paper provides a comprehensive survey of the current state of the art in the field and presents the challenges and opportunities that we face. The survey summarizes the technology available in the various phases of the quantum software life cycle, including quantum software requirements analysis, design, implementation, test, and maintenance. It also covers the crucial issue of quantum software reuse.
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In this paper we introduce the notion of Modal Software Engineering: automatically turning sequential, deterministic programs into semantically equivalent programs efficiently operating on inputs coming from multiple overlapping worlds. We are drawing an analogy between modal logics, and software application domains where multiple sets of inputs (multiple worlds) need to be processed efficiently. Typically those sets highly overlap, so processing them independently would involve a lot of redundancy, resulting in lower performance, and in many cases intractability. Three application domains are presented: reasoning about feature-based variability of Software Product Lines (SPLs), probabilistic programming, and approximate programming.
Researchers are increasingly recognizing the importance of human aspects in software development and since qualitative methods are used to, in-depth, explore human behavior, we believe that studies using such techniques will become more common. Existing qualitative software engineering guidelines do not cover the full breadth of qualitative methods and knowledge on using them found in the social sciences. The aim of this study was thus to extend the software engineering research communitys current body of knowledge regarding available qualitative methods and provide recommendations and guidelines for their use. With the support of an epistemological argument and a literature review, we suggest that future research would benefit from (1) utilizing a broader set of research methods, (2) more strongly emphasizing reflexivity, and (3) employing qualitative guidelines and quality criteria. We present an overview of three qualitative methods commonly used in social sciences but rarely seen in software engineering research, namely interpretative phenomenological analysis, narrative analysis, and discourse analysis. Furthermore, we discuss the meaning of reflexivity in relation to the software engineering context and suggest means of fostering it. Our paper will help software engineering researchers better select and then guide the application of a broader set of qualitative research methods.
The main problems of Software Engineering appear as a result of incompatibilities. For example, the quality of organization of the production process depends on correspondence with existent resources and on a common understanding of project goals by all team members. Software design is another example. Its successfulness rides on the architectures conformity with a projects concepts. This is a point of great nicety. All elements should create a single space of interaction. And if the laws of such a space are imperfect, missequencing comes and the concept of a software system fails. We must do our best for this not to happen. To that end, having a subtle perception of systems structures is essential. Such knowledge can be based only on a fresh approach to the logical law.
Bug patterns are erroneous code idioms or bad coding practices that have been proved to fail time and time again, which are usually caused by the misunderstanding of a programming languages features, the use of erroneous design patterns, or simple mistakes sharing common behaviors. This paper identifies and categorizes some bug patterns in the quantum programming language Qiskit and briefly discusses how to eliminate or prevent those bug patterns. We take this research as the first step to provide an underlying basis for debugging and testing quantum programs.
Small to medium sized business enterprises (SMEs) generally thrive because they have successfully done something unique within a niche market. For this reason, SMEs may seek to protect their competitive advantage by avoiding any standardization encouraged by the use of packaged software (PS). Packaged software implementation at SMEs therefore presents challenges relating to how best to respond to misfits between the functionality offered by the packaged software and each SMEs business needs. An important question relates to which processes small software enterprises - or Small to Medium-Sized Software Development Companies (SMSSDCs) - apply in order to identify and then deal with these misfits. To explore the processes of packaged software (PS) implementation, an ethnographic study was conducted to gain in-depth insights into the roles played by analysts in two SMSSDCs. The purpose of the study was to understand PS implementation in terms of requirements engineering (or PSIRE). Data collected during the ethnographic study were analyzed using an inductive approach. Based on our analysis of the cases we constructed a theoretical model explaining the requirements engineering process for PS implementation, and named it the PSIRE Parallel Star Model. The Parallel Star Model shows that during PSIRE, more than one RE process can be carried out at the same time. The Parallel Star Model has few constraints, because not only can processes be carried out in parallel, but they do not always have to be followed in a particular order. This paper therefore offers a novel investigation and explanation of RE practices for packaged software implementation, approaching the phenomenon from the viewpoint of the analysts, and offers the first extensive study of packaged software implementation RE (PSIRE) in SMSSDCs.
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