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Generalized Holographic Principle, Gauge Invariance and the Emergence of Gravity a la Wilczek

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 Added by Antonino Marciano
 Publication date 2020
  fields Physics
and research's language is English




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We show that a generalized version of the holographic principle can be derived from the Hamiltonian description of information flow within a quantum system that maintains a separable state. We then show that this generalized holographic principle entails a general principle of gauge invariance. When this is realized in an ambient Lorentzian space-time, gauge invariance under the Poincare group is immediately achieved. We apply this pathway to retrieve the action of gravity. The latter is cast a la Wilczek through a similar formulation derived by MacDowell and Mansouri, which involves the representation theory of the Lie groups SO(3,2) and SO(4,1).



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124 - R. Casadio , F. Scardigli 2020
The Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) has been directly applied to the motion of (macroscopic) test bodies on a given space-time in order to compute corrections to the classical orbits predicted in Newtonian Mechanics or General Relativity. These corrections generically violate the Equivalence Principle. The GUP has also been indirectly applied to the gravitational source by relating the GUP modified Hawking temperature to a deformation of the background metric. Such a deformed background metric determines new geodesic motions without violating the Equivalence Principle. We point out here that the two effects are mutually exclusive when compared with experimental bounds. Moreover, the former stems from modified Poisson brackets obtained from a wrong classical limit of the deformed canonical commutators.
We first give a way which satisfies the bidirectional derivation between the generalized uncertainty principle and the corrected entropy of black holes. By this way, the generalized uncertainty principle can be indirectly modified by some correction elements which are carrried by the corrected entropy. Then we put an entropy modified by quantum tunneling into the way, from which we get a new generalized uncertainty principle, and finally find the new one has a broader form and a stronger adaptability to the sign of parameter.
100 - Jose A. Zapata 2017
In a spacetime divided into two regions $U_1$ and $U_2$ by a hypersurface $Sigma$, a perturbation of the field in $U_1$ is coupled to perturbations in $U_2$ by means of the holographic imprint that it leaves on $Sigma$. The linearized gluing field equation constrains perturbations on the two sides of a dividing hypersurface, and this linear operator may have a nontrivial null space. A nontrivial perturbation of the field leaving a holographic imprint on a dividing hypersurface which does not affect perturbations on the other side should be considered physically irrelevant. This consideration, together with a locality requirement, leads to the notion of gauge equivalence in Lagrangian field theory over confined spacetime domains. Physical observables in a spacetime domain $U$ can be calculated integrating (possibly non local) gauge invariant conserved currents on hypersurfaces such that $partial Sigma subset partial U$. The set of observables of this type is sufficient to distinguish gauge inequivalent solutions. The integral of a conserved current on a hypersurface is sensitive only to its homology class $[Sigma]$, and if $U$ is homeomorphic to a four ball the homology class is determined by its boundary $S = partial Sigma$. We will see that a result of Anderson and Torre implies that for a class of theories including vacuum General Relativity all local observables are holographic in the sense that they can be written as integrals of over the two dimensional surface $S$. However, non holographic observables are needed to distinguish between gauge inequivalent solutions.
We present a formalism which allows for the perturbative derivation of the Extended Uncertainty Principle (EUP) for arbitrary spatial curvature models and observers. Entering the realm of small position uncertainties, we derive a general asymptotic EUP. The leading 2nd order curvature induced correction is proportional to the Ricci scalar, while the 4th order correction features the 0th order Cartan invariant Psi^2 (a scalar quadratic in curvature tensors) and the curved space Laplacian of the Ricci scalar all of which are evaluated at the expectation value of the position operator, i.e. the expected position when performing a measurement. This result is first verified for previously derived homogeneous space models and then applied to other non-trivial curvature related effects such as inhomogeneities, rotation and an anisotropic stress fluid leading to black hole hair. Our main achievement combines the method we introduce with the Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) by virtue of deformed commutators to formulate a generic form of what we call the Asymptotic Generalized Extended Uncertainty Principle (AGEUP).
The issue of the gauge invariance of gravitational waves arises if they are produced in the early universe at second-order in perturbation theory. We address it by dividing the discussion about the gauge invariance in three parts: the production of gravitational waves, their propagation in the real universe, and their measurement.
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