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Register a new userA bio-inspired geometric model for sound reconstruction
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Added by
Ludovic Sacchelli
Publication date
2020
fields
Electronic Engineering
and research's language is
English
Authors
Ugo Boscain
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No Arabic abstract
The reconstruction mechanisms built by the human auditory system during sound reconstruction are still a matter of debate. The purpose of this study is to propose a mathematical model of sound reconstruction based on the functional architecture of the auditory cortex (A1). The model is inspired by the geometrical modelling of vision, which has undergone a great development in the last ten years. There are however fundamental dissimilarities, due to the different role played by the time and the different group of symmetries. The algorithm transforms the degraded sound in an image in the time-frequency domain via a short-time Fourier transform. Such an image is then lifted in the Heisenberg group and it is reconstructed via a Wilson-Cowan differo-integral equation. Preliminary numerical experiments are provided, showing the good reconstruction properties of the algorithm on synthetic sounds concentrated around two frequencies.
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Deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) have revolutionized computer vision and are often advocated as good models of the human visual system. However, there are currently many shortcomings of DCNNs, which preclude them as a model of human vision. For example, in the case of adversarial attacks, where adding small amounts of noise to an image, including an object, can lead to strong misclassification of that object. But for humans, the noise is often invisible. If vulnerability to adversarial noise cannot be fixed, DCNNs cannot be taken as serious models of human vision. Many studies have tried to add features of the human visual system to DCNNs to make them robust against adversarial attacks. However, it is not fully clear whether human vision inspired components increase robustness because performance evaluations of these novel components in DCNNs are often inconclusive. We propose a set of criteria for proper evaluation and analyze different models according to these criteria. We finally sketch future efforts to make DCCNs one step closer to the model of human vision.
Sense and avoid capability enables insects to fly versatilely and robustly in dynamic complex environment. Their biological principles are so practical and efficient that inspired we human imitating them in our flying machines. In this paper, we studied a novel bio-inspired collision detector and its application on a quadcopter. The detector is inspired from LGMD neurons in the locusts, and modeled into an STM32F407 MCU. Compared to other collision detecting methods applied on quadcopters, we focused on enhancing the collision selectivity in a bio-inspired way that can considerably increase the computing efficiency during an obstacle detecting task even in complex dynamic environment. We designed the quadcopters responding operation imminent collisions and tested this bio-inspired system in an indoor arena. The observed results from the experiments demonstrated that the LGMD collision detector is feasible to work as a vision module for the quadcopters collision avoidance task.
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Hamid Reza Mahdiani (Computer Science
, Engineering Department
, n Shahid Beheshti University
2018
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Though sunlight is by far the most abundant renewable energy source available to humanity, its dilute and variable nature has kept efficient ways to collect, store, and distribute this energy tantalisingly out of reach. Turning the incoherent energy supply of sunlight into a coherent laser beam would overcome several practical limitations inherent in using sunlight as a source of clean energy: laser beams travel nearly losslessly over large distances, and they are effective at driving chemical reactions which convert sunlight into chemical energy. Here we propose a bio-inspired blueprint for a novel type of laser with the aim of upgrading unconcentrated natural sunlight into a coherent laser beam. Our proposed design constitutes an improvement of several orders of magnitude over existing comparable technologies: state-of-the-art solar pumped lasers operate above 1000 suns (corresponding to 1000 times the natural sunlight power). In order to achieve lasing with the extremely dilute power provided by sunlight, we here propose a laser medium comprised of molecular aggregates inspired by the architecture of photosynthetic complexes. Such complexes, by exploiting a highly symmetric arrangement of molecules organized in a hierarchy of energy scales, exhibit a very large internal efficiency in harvesting photons from a power source as dilute as natural sunlight. Specifically, we consider substituting the reaction center of photosynthetic complexes in purple bacteria with a suitably engineered molecular dimer composed of two strongly coupled chromophores. We show that if pumped by the surrounding photosynthetic complex, which efficiently collects and concentrates solar energy, the core dimer structure can reach population inversion, and reach the lasing threshold under natural sunlight. The design principles proposed here will also pave the way for developing other bio-inspired quantum devices.
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