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Register a new userOn the possibility to study antiproton production at the SPD detector at NICA collider for dark matter search in astrophysical experiments
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Dark matter is an important component of the Standard model of cosmology but its nature is still unknown. One of the most common explanations is that dark matter consists of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), supposed to be cold thermal relics of the Big Bang and to build up the galactic dark halos. Indirect search of dark matter could be performed via the study of an anomalous antiproton component in cosmic rays originating from possible annihilation of dark matter pairs in the galactic halo, on top of the standard astrophysical production. The measurements performed by the AMS-02 and PAMELA spectrometers have shown that limited knowledge of antiproton-production cross sections in $pp$, $pD$, $pHe$ and $HeHe$ collisions is one of the main uncertainties of background subtraction. The planned SPD experiment at the NICA collider could provide a precision measurement of antiproton yield in wide kinematic range in $pp$ and $pD$ collisions at the energy scale from the threshold to $sqrt{s}=26$ GeV/$c$.
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The Spin Physics Detector (SPD) is a future multipurpose experiment foreseen to run at the NICA collider, which is currently under construction at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR, Dubna, Russia). The physics program of the experiment is based on collisions of longitudinally and transversely polarized protons and deuterons at $sqrt{s}$ up to 27 GeV and luminosity up to 10$^{32}$ cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$. The SPD will operate as a universal facility for comprehensive study of unpolarized and polarized gluon content of the nucleon, using different complementary probes such as: charmonia, open charm, and prompt photon production processes. The aim of this work is to make a thorough review of the physics objectives that can potentially be addressed at the SPD, underlining related theoretical aspects and discussing relevant experimental results when available. Among different pertinent phenomena particular attention is drawn to the study of the gluon helicity, gluon Sivers and Boer-Mulders functions in the nucleon, as well as the gluon transversity distribution in the deuteron, via the measurement of specific single and double spin asymmetries.
The SPD experiment at the future NICA collider at JINR (Dubna, Russia) aims to investigate the nucleon spin structure and polarization phenomena in collisions of longitudinally and transversely polarized protons and deuterons at $sqrt{s}$ up to 27 GeV and luminosity up to 10$^{32}$ cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$. Measurement of asymmetries in the Drell-Yan pairs, charmonium and prompt photon production can provide an access to the full set of leading twist TMD PDFs in nucleons. The experimental setup is planned as a universal 4$pi$ detector for a wide range of physics tasks.
We propose to perform measurements of asymmetries of the Drell-Yan (DY) pairs production in collisions of non-polarized, longitudinally and transversally polarized protons and deuterons which provide an access to all leading twist collinear and TMD PDFs of quarks and anti-quarks in nucleons. The measurements of asymmetries in production of J/Psi and direct photons will be performed as well simultaneously with DY using dedicated triggers. The set of these measurements will supply complete information for tests of the quark-parton model of nucleons at the QCD twist-two level with minimal systematic errors.
The study of antiproton yield in $p$-$p$ and $p$-$d$ collisions is important for the astrophysical search for dark matter consisting of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles. Refinement of the production cross section, angular and momentum spectra of produced antiprotons in a wide energy range could help to treat the results obtained by the AMS-02 and PAMELA orbit spectrometers. In this paper we present a detailed Monte Carlo study of possible measurements at the planned SPD experiment at the NICA collider that is under construction at JINR (Dubna).
Multiple astrophysical and cosmological observations show that the majority of the matter in the universe is non-luminous. It is not made of known particles, and it is called dark matter. This is one of the few pieces of concrete experimental evidence of new physics beyond the Standard Model. Despite decades of effort, we still know very little about the identity of dark matter; it remains one of the biggest outstanding mysteries facing particle physics. Among the numerous proposals to explain its nature, the Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) scenario stands out. The WIMP scenario is based on a simple assumption that dark matter is in thermal equilibrium in the early hot universe, and that the dark matter particles have mass and interactions not too different from the massive particles in the Standard Model. Testing the WIMP hypothesis is a focus for many experimental searches. A variety of techniques are employed including the observation of WIMP annihilation, the measurement of WIMP-nucleon scattering in terrestrial detectors, and the inference of WIMP production at high energy colliders. In this article, we will focus on the last approach, and in particular on WIMP dark matter searches at the Large Hadron Collider. Authors note: this paper (and references therein) correspond to the version that was submitted to the joint issue of Nature Physics and Nature Astronomy in January 2017.
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