No Arabic abstract
A cyclic permutation $pi:{1, dots, N}to {1, dots, N}$ has a emph{block structure} if there is a partition of ${1, dots, N}$ into $k otin{1,N}$ segments (emph{blocks}) permuted by $pi$; call $k$ the emph{period} of this block structure. Let $p_1<dots <p_s$ be periods of all possible block structures on $pi$. Call the finite string $(p_1/1,$ $p_2/p_1,$ $dots,$ $p_s/p_{s-1}, N/p_s)$ the {it renormalization tower of $pi$}. The same terminology can be used for emph{patterns}, i.e., for families of cycles of interval maps inducing the same (up to a flip) cyclic permutation. A renormalization tower $mathcal M$ emph{forces} a renormalization tower $mathcal N$ if every continuous interval map with a cycle of pattern with renormalization tower $mathcal M$ must have a cycle of pattern with renormalization tower $mathcal N$. We completely characterize the forcing relation among renormalization towers. Take the following order among natural numbers: $ 4gg 6gg 3gg dots gg 4ngg 4n+2gg 2n+1ggdots gg 2gg 1 $ understood in the strict sense. We show that the forcing relation among renormalization towers is given by the lexicographic extension of this order. Moreover, for any tail $T$ of this order there exists an interval map for which the set of renormalization towers of its cycles equals $T$.
We present a comprehensive mechanism for the emergence of rotational horseshoes and strange attractors in a class of two-parameter families of periodically-perturbed differential equations defining a flow on a three-dimensional manifold. When both parameters are zero, its flow exhibits an attracting heteroclinic network associated to two periodic solutions. After slightly increasing both parameters, while keeping a two-dimensional connection unaltered, we focus our attention in the case where the two-dimensional invariant manifolds of the periodic solutions do not intersect. We prove a wide range of dynamical behaviour, ranging from an attracting quasi-periodic torus to rotational horseshoes and Henon-like strange attractors. We illustrate our results with an explicit example.
Define the following order among all natural numbers except for 2 and 1: [ 4gg 6gg 3gg dots gg 4ngg 4n+2gg 2n+1gg 4n+4ggdots ] Let $f$ be a continuous interval map. We show that if $mgg s$ and $f$ has a cycle with no division (no block structure) of period $m$ then $f$ has also a cycle with no division (no block structure) of period $s$. We describe possible sets of periods of cycles of $f$ with no division and no block structure.
There are few examples of non-autonomous vector fields exhibiting complex dynamics that may be proven analytically. We analyse a family of periodic perturbations of a weakly attracting robust heteroclinic network defined on the two-sphere. We derive the first return map near the heteroclinic cycle for small amplitude of the perturbing term, and we reduce the analysis of the non-autonomous system to that of a two-dimensional map on a cylinder. Interesting dynamical features arise from a discrete-time Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation. When the perturbation strength is small the first return map has an attracting invariant closed curve that is not contractible on the cylinder. Near the centre of frequency locking there are parameter values with bistability: the invariant curve coexists with an attracting fixed point. Increasing the perturbation strength there are periodic solutions that bifurcate into a closed contractible invariant curve and into a region where the dynamics is conjugate to a full shift on two symbols.
In this paper, we show that the dynamics of a wide variety of nonlinear systems such as engineering, physical, chemical, biological, and ecological systems, can be simulated or modeled by the dynamics of memristor circuits. It has the advantage that we can apply nonlinear circuit theory to analyze the dynamics of memristor circuits. Applying an external source to these memristor circuits, they exhibit complex behavior, such as chaos and non-periodic oscillation. If the memristor circuits have an integral invariant, they can exhibit quasi-periodic or non-periodic behavior by the sinusoidal forcing. Their behavior greatly depends on the initial conditions, the parameters, and the maximum step size of the numerical integration. Furthermore, an overflow is likely to occur due to the numerical instability in long-time simulations. In order to generate a non-periodic oscillation, we have to choose the initial conditions, the parameters, and the maximum step size, carefully. We also show that we can reconstruct chaotic attractors by using the terminal voltage and current of the memristor. Furthermore, in many memristor circuits, the active memristor switches between passive and active modes of operation, depending on its terminal voltage. We can measure its complexity order by defining the binary coding for the operation modes. By using this coding, we show that in the forced memristor Toda lattice equations, the memristors operation modes exhibit the higher complexity. Furthermore, in the memristor Chua circuit, the memristor has the special operation modes.
In this note, we extend the renormalization horseshoe we have recently constructed with N. Goncharuk for analytic diffeomorphisms of the circle to their small two-dimensional perturbations. As one consequence, Herman rings with rotation numbers of bounded type survive on a codimension one set of parameters under small two-dimensional perturbations.