It is shown that if two hyperbolic polynomials have a particular factorization into quadratics, then their roots satisfy a power majorization relation whenever key coefficients in their factorizations satisfy a corresponding majorization relation. In particular, a numerical observation by Klemev{s} is confirmed.
We derive the P-finite recurrences for classes of sequences with ordinary generating function containing roots of polynomials. The focus is on establishing the D-finite differential equations such that the familiar steps of reducing their power series expansions apply.
We consider random polynomials whose coefficients are independent and uniform on {-1,1}. We prove that the probability that such a polynomial of degree n has a double root is o(n^{-2}) when n+1 is not divisible by 4 and asymptotic to $frac{8sqrt{3}}{pi n^2}$ otherwise. This result is a corollary of a more general theorem that we prove concerning random polynomials with independent, identically distributed coefficients having a distribution which is supported on { -1, 0, 1} and whose largest atom is strictly less than 1/sqrt{3}. In this general case, we prove that the probability of having a double root equals the probability that either -1, 0 or 1 are double roots up to an o(n^{-2}) factor and we find the asymptotics of the latter probability.
The Poupard polynomials are polynomials in one variable with integer coefficients, with some close relationship to Bernoulli and tangent numbers. They also have a combinatorial interpretation. We prove that every Poupard polynomial has all its roots on the unit circle. We also obtain the same property for another sequence of polynomials introduced by Kreweras and related to Genocchi numbers. This is obtained through a general statement about some linear operators acting on palindromic polynomials.
We analyze different measures for the backward error of a set of numerical approximations for the roots of a polynomial. We focus mainly on the element-wise mixed backward error introduced by Mastronardi and Van Dooren, and the tropical backward error introduced by Tisseur and Van Barel. We show that these measures are equivalent under suitable assumptions. We also show relations between these measures and the classical element-wise and norm-wise backward error measures.
Let $p(cdot): mathbb R^nto(0,infty)$ be a variable exponent function satisfying the globally log-Holder continuous condition. In this article, the authors first obtain a decomposition for any distribution of the variable weak Hardy space into good and bad parts and then prove the following real interpolation theorem between the variable Hardy space $H^{p(cdot)}(mathbb R^n)$ and the space $L^{infty}(mathbb R^n)$: begin{equation*} (H^{p(cdot)}(mathbb R^n),L^{infty}(mathbb R^n))_{theta,infty} =W!H^{p(cdot)/(1-theta)}(mathbb R^n),quad thetain(0,1), end{equation*} where $W!H^{p(cdot)/(1-theta)}(mathbb R^n)$ denotes the variable weak Hardy space. As an application, the variable weak Hardy space $W!H^{p(cdot)}(mathbb R^n)$ with $p_-:=mathopmathrm{ess,inf}_{xinrn}p(x)in(1,infty)$ is proved to coincide with the variable Lebesgue space $W!L^{p(cdot)}(mathbb R^n)$.