No Arabic abstract
The Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detector is one of promising particle and radiation detectors that has been improved greatly from previous gas detectors. The improvement includes better spatial resolutions, higher detection rate capabilities, and flexibilities in designs. In particular, the 10 cm x 10 cm GEM prototype is designed and provided by the Gas Detectors Development group (GDD) at CERN, Switzerland. With its simplicity in operations and designs, while still maintaining high qualities, the GEM prototype is suitable for both start-up and advanced researches. This article aims to report the investigations on some important properties of the 10 cm x 10 cm GEM detector using current measurement and signal counting. Results have shown that gains of the GEM prototype exponentially increase as voltage supplied to the detector increases, while the detector reaches full efficiency (plateau region) when the voltage is greater than 4100 V. In terms of signal sharing between X and Y strips of the readout, X strips, which is on the top layer of the readout, collect ~57% of the total signal. For the uniformity test, the GEM prototype has slightly higher efficiencies at the center of the detector and decreases as positions are closer to edges.
The past few years have seen a renewed interest in the search for light particle dark matter. ABRACADABRA is a new experimental program to search for axion dark matter over a broad range of masses, $10^{-12}lesssim m_alesssim10^{-6}$ eV. ABRACADABRA-10 cm is a small-scale prototype for a future detector that could be sensitive to QCD axion couplings. In this paper, we present the details of the design, construction, and data analysis for the first axion dark matter search with the ABRACADABRA-10 cm detector. We include a detailed discussion of the statistical techniques used to extract the limit from the first result with an emphasis on creating a robust statistical footing for interpreting those limits.
This paper presents the possibility of using very thin Low Gain Avalanche Diodes (LGAD) ($25 - 50mu$m thick) as tracking detector at future hadron colliders, where particle fluence will be above $10^{16}; n_{eq}/cm^2$. In the present design, silicon sensors at the High-Luminosity LHC will be 100- 200 $mu$m thick, generating, before irradiation, signals of 1-2 fC. This contribution shows how very thin LGAD can provide signals of the same magnitude via the interplay of gain in the gain layer and gain in the bulk up to fluences above $10^{16}; n_{eq}/cm^2$: up to fluences of 0.1-0.3$cdot 10^{16}; n_{eq}/cm^2$, thin LGADs maintain a gain of $sim$ 5-10 while at higher fluences the increased bias voltage will trigger the onset of multiplication in the bulk, providing the same gain as previously obtained in the gain layer. Key to this idea is the possibility of a reliable, high-density LGAD design able to hold large bias voltages ($sim$ 500V).
Silicon Photo-Multipliers (SiPM) are becoming the photo-detector of choice for increasingly more particle detection applications, from fundamental physics to medical and societal applications. One major consideration for their use at high-luminosity colliders is the radiation damage induced by hadrons, which leads to a dramatic increase of the dark count rate. KETEK SiPMs have been exposed to various fluences of reactor neutrons up to $Phi_{neq}$ = 5$times$10$^{14}$ cm$^{-2}$ (1 MeV equivalent neutrons). Results from the I-V, and C-V measurements for temperatures between $-$30$^circ$C and $+$30$^circ$C are presented. We propose a new method to quantify the effect of radiation damage on the SiPM performance. Using the measured dark current the single pixel occupation probability as a function of temperature and excess voltage is determined. From the pixel occupation probability the operating conditions for given requirements can be optimized. The method is qualitatively verified using current measurements with the SiPM illuminated by blue LED light.
Micromegas detectors are an optimum technological choice for the detection of low energy x-rays. The low background techniques applied to these detectors yielded remarkable background reductions over the years, being the CAST experiment beneficiary of these developments. In this document we report on the latest upgrades towards further background reductions and better understanding of the detectors response. The upgrades encompass the readout electronics, a new detector design and the implementation of a more efficient cosmic muon veto system. Background levels below 10$^{-6}$keV$^{-1}$cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$ have been obtained at sea level for the first time, demonstrating the feasibility of the expectations posed by IAXO, the next generation axion helioscope. Some results obtained with a set of measurements conducted in the x-ray beam of the CAST Detector Laboratory will be also presented and discussed.
At NISER-IoP detector laboratory an initiative is taken to build and test Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detectors for ALICE experiment. The optimisation of the gas flow rate and the long-term stability test of the GEM detector are performed. The method and test results are presented.