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Register a new userAnalytical expression for a class of spherically symmetric solutions in Lorentz breaking massive gravity
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We present a detailed study of the spherically symmetric solutions in Lorentz breaking massive gravity. There is an undetermined function $mathcal{F}(X, w_1, w_2, w_3)$ in the action of St{u}ckelberg fields $S_{phi}=Lambda^4int{d^4xsqrt{-g}mathcal{F}}$, which should be resolved through physical means. In the general relativity, the spherically symmetric solution to the Einstein equation is a benchmark and its massive deformation also play a crucial role in Lorentz breaking massive gravity. $mathcal{F}$ will satisfy the constraint equation $T_0^1=0$ from the spherically symmetric Einstein tensor $G_0^1=0$, if we maintain that any reasonable physical theory should possess the spherically symmetric solutions. The St{u}ckelberg field $phi^i$ is taken as a hedgehog configuration $phi^i=phi(r)x^i/r$, whose stability is guaranteed by the topological one. Under this ans{a}tz, $T_0^1=0$ is reduced to $dmathcal{F}=0$. The functions $mathcal{F}$ for $dmathcal{F}=0$ form a commutative ring $R^{mathcal{F}}$. We obtain a general expression of solution to the functional differential equation with spherically symmetry if $mathcal{F}in R^{mathcal{F}}$. If $mathcal{F}in R^{mathcal{F}}$ and $partialmathcal{F}/partial X=0$, the functions $mathcal{F}$ form a subring $S^{mathcal{F}}subset R^{mathcal{F}}$. We show that the metric is Schwarzschild, AdS or dS if $mathcal{F}in S^{mathcal{F}}$. When $mathcal{F}in R^{mathcal{F}}$ but $mathcal{F} otin S^{mathcal{F}}$, we will obtain some new metric solutions. Using the general formula and the basic property of function ring $R^{mathcal{F}}$, we give some analytical examples and their phenomenological applications. Furthermore, we also discuss the stability of gravitational field by the analysis of Komar integral and the results of QNMs.
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