No Arabic abstract
P/As-substitution effects on the transport properties of polycrystalline LaFeP$_{1-x}$As$_{x}$O$_{1-y}$F$_{y}$ with $x$ = 0 -- 1.0 and $y$ = 0 -- 0.1 have been studied. In the F-free samples ($y$ = 0), a new superconducting (SC) dome with a maximum $T_{c}$ of 12 K is observed around $x$ = 0 -- 0.3. This is separated from another SC dome with $T_{c}$ $sim$10 K at $x$ = 0.6 -- 0.8 by an antiferromagnetic region ($x$ = 0.3 -- 0.6), giving a two-dome feature in the $T_{c}-x$ phase diagram. As $y$ increases, the two SC domes merge together, changing to a double peak structure at $y$ = 0.05 and a single dome at $y$ = 0.1. This proves the presence of two different Fermi surface states in this system.
Muon Spin Rotation ($mu$SR) and $^{19}$F Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) measurements were performed to investigate the effect of Mn for Fe substitutions in La$_{1-y}$Y$_{y}$Fe$_{1-x}$Mn$_x$AsO$_{0.89}$F$_{0.11}$ superconductors. While for $y = 0$ a very low critical concentration of Mn ($x = 0.2$%) is needed to quench superconductivity, as $y$ increases the negative chemical pressure introduced by Y for La substitution stabilizes superconductivity and for $y= 20$% it is suppressed at Mn contents an order of magnitude larger. A magnetic phase arises once superconductivity is suppressed both for $y$=0 and for $y= 20$%. Low-energy spin fluctuations give rise to a peak in $^{19}$F NMR $1/T_1$ with an onset well above the superconducting transition temperature and whose magnitude increases with $x$. Also the static magnetic correlations probed by $^{19}$F NMR linewidth measurements show a marked increase with Mn content. The disruption of superconductivity and the onset of the magnetic ground-state are discussed in the light of the proximity of LaFeAsO$_{0.89}$F$_{0.11}$ to a quantum critical point.
Among the Fe-based superconductors, Fe$_{1+y}$Te$_{1-x}$Se$_{x}$ is unique in that its crystal structure is the simplest and the electron correlation level is the strongest, and thus it is important to investigate the doping($x$)-temperature ($T$) phase diagram of this system. However, inevitably incorporated excess Fe currently prevents the establishment of the true phase diagram. We overcome the aforementioned significant problem via developing a new annealing method termed as Te-annealing wherein single crystals are annealed under Te vapor. Specifically, we conducted various magnetotransport measurements on Te-annealed superconducting Fe$_{1+y}$Te$_{1-x}$Se$_{x}$. We observed that crossover from the incoherent to the coherent electronic state and opening of the pseudogap occurs at high temperatures ($approx$ 150 K for $x$ = 0.2). This is accompanied by a more substantial pseudogap and the emergence of a phase with a multi-band nature at lower temperatures (below $approx$ 50 K for $x$ = 0.2) before superconductivity sets in. Based on the results, the third type electronic phase diagram in Fe-based high-$T_c$ superconductors is revealed.
We present a detailed study of the electrical transport properties of a recently discovered iron-based superconductor: Sm$_4$Fe$_2$As$_2$Te$_{0.72}$O$_{2.8}$F$_{1.2}$. We followed the temperature dependence of the upper critical field by resistivity measurement of single crystals in magnetic fields up to 16 T, oriented along the two main crystallographic directions. This material exhibits a zero-temperature upper critical field of 90 T and 65 T parallel and perpendicular to the Fe$_2$As$_2$ planes, respectively. An unprecedented superconducting magnetic anisotropy $gamma_H=H_{c2}^{ab}/H_{c2}^c sim 14$ is observed near Tc, and it decreases at lower temperatures as expected in multiband superconductors. Direct measurement of the electronic anisotropy was performed on microfabricated samples, showing a value of $rho_c/rho_{ab}(300K) sim 5$ that raises up to 19 near Tc. Finally, we have studied the pressure and temperature dependence of the in-plane resistivity. The critical temperature decreases linearly upon application of hydrostatic pressure (up to 2 GPa) similarly to overdoped cuprate superconductors. The resistivity shows saturation at high temperatures, suggesting that the material approaches the Mott-Ioffe-Regel limit for metallic conduction. Indeed, we have successfully modelled the resistivity in the normal state with a parallel resistor model that is widely accepted for this state. All the measured quantities suggest strong pressure dependence of the density of states.
The appearance of static magnetism, nanoscopically coexisting with superconductivity, is shown to be a general feature of optimally electron-doped LnFe(1-x)Ru(x)AsO(1-y)F(y) superconductor (Ln - lanthanide ion) upon isovalent substitution of Fe by Ru. The magnetic ordering temperature T_N and the magnitude of the internal field display a dome-like dependence on x, peaked around x=1/4, with higher T_N values for those materials characterized by a larger z cell coordinate of As. Remarkably, the latter are also those with the highest superconducting transition temperature (T_c) for x=0. The reduction of T_c(x) is found to be significant in the x region of the phase diagram where the static magnetism develops. Upon increasing the Ru content superconductivity eventually disappears, but only at x=0.6.
Superconductivity (SC) with the suppression of long-range antiferromagnetic (AFM) order is observed in the parent compounds of both iron-based and cuprate superconductors. The AFM wave vectors are bicollinear ($pi$, 0) in the parent compound FeTe different from the collinear AFM order ($pi$, $pi$) in most iron pnictides. Study of the phase diagram of Fe$_{1+y}$Te$_{1-x}$Se$_x$ is the most direct way to investigate the competition between bicollinear AFM and SC. However, presence of interstitial Fe affects both magnetism and SC of Fe$_{1+y}$Te$_{1-x}$Se$_x$, which hinders the establishment of the real phase diagram. Here, we report the comparison of doping-temperature ($x$-$T$) phase diagrams for Fe$_{1+y}$Te$_{1-x}$Se$_x$ (0 $leq$ $x$ $leq$ 0.43) single crystals before and after removing interstitial Fe. Without interstitial Fe, the AFM state survives only for $x$ $<$ 0.05, and bulk SC emerges from $x$ = 0.05, and does not coexist with the AFM state. The previously reported spin glass state, and the coexistence of AFM and SC may be originated from the effect of the interstitial Fe. The phase diagram of Fe$_{1+y}$Te$_{1-x}$Se$_x$ is found to be similar to the case of the 1111 system such as LaFeAsO$_{1-x}$F$_x$, and is different from that of the 122 system.