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Register a new userDesign and commissioning of a timestamp-based data acquisition system for the DRAGON recoil mass separator
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The DRAGON recoil mass separator at TRIUMF exists to study radiative proton and alpha capture reactions, which are important in a variety of astrophysical scenarios. DRAGON experiments require a data acquisition system that can be triggered on either reaction product ($gamma$ ray or heavy ion), with the additional requirement of being able to promptly recognize coincidence events in an online environment. To this end, we have designed and implemented a new data acquisition system for DRAGON which consists of two independently triggered readouts. Events from both systems are recorded with timestamps from a $20$ MHz clock that are used to tag coincidences in the earliest possible stage of the data analysis. Here we report on the design, implementation, and commissioning of the new DRAGON data acquisition system, including the hardware, trigger logic, coincidence reconstruction algorithm, and live time considerations. We also discuss the results of an experiment commissioning the new system, which measured the strength of the $E_{text{c}.text{m}.} = 1113$ keV resonance in the $^{20}$Ne$left(p, gamma right)^{21}$Na radiative proton capture reaction.
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COSINE-100 is a dark matter direct detection experiment designed to test the annual modulation signal observed by the DAMA/LIBRA experiment. COSINE-100 consists of 8 NaI(Tl) crystals with a total mass of 106 kg, a 2200 L liquid scintillator veto, and 37 muon detector panels. We present details of the data acquisition system of COSINE-100, including waveform storage using flash analog-to-digital converters for crystal events and integrated charge storage using charge-sensitive analog-to-digital converters for liquid scintillator and plastic scintillator muon veto events. We also discuss several trigger conditions developed in order to distinguish signal events from photomultiplier noise events. The total trigger rate observed for the crystal/liquid scintillator (plastic scintillator) detector is 15 Hz (24 Hz).
During the last couple of decades, the use of arrays of bolometers has represented one of the leading techniques for the search for rare events. CUORE, an array of 988 TeO$_2$ bolometers that is taking data since April 2017 at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (Italy), exploits the large mass, low background, good energy resolution and low energy threshold of these detectors successfully. Thanks to these characteristics, they could be also sensitive to other low energy rare processes, such as galactic dark matter interactions. In this paper we describe the data acquisition system that was developed for the CUORE experiment. Thanks to its high modularity, the data acquisition here described has been used in different setups with similar requirements, including the pilot experiment CUORE-0 and the demonstrator for the next phase of the project, CUPID-0, also taking data at LNGS.
High energy physics experiments in KEK/Japan rush into over KHz trigger stage. Thus, we need a successor of the data acquisition(DAQ) system that replaces the CAMAC or FASTBUS systems. To meet these needs, we have developed a DAQ system which includes a crate, base-board modules, daughter cards for front-end A/D or T/D conversion, and back-end communication cards for data transfer and timing control. The size of the crate is for the 9U Euro-cards with the standard VME32 bus and extension connectors for power supply. The base-board comprises of a local bus with the sequencer connected to the front-end daughter cards via event buffering FIFOs, and the standard PMC (PCI mezzanine card) bus to be set a PMC processor unit to reduce data size from the front-end daughter cards. A data transfer module, which is connected to the event building system, and a trigger control unit, which communicates with the central timing controller are installed on the back-end communication card connected to the rear end of the base-board. We describe the design of this DAQ system and evaluate the performance of it.
Radiative alpha-capture, ($alpha,gamma$), reactions play a critical role in nucleosynthesis and nuclear energy generation in a variety of astrophysical environments. The St. George recoil separator at the University of Notre Dames Nuclear Science Laboratory was developed to measure ($alpha,gamma$) reactions in inverse kinematics via recoil detection in order to obtain nuclear reaction cross sections at the low energies of astrophysical interest, while avoiding the $gamma$-background that plagues traditional measurement techniques. Due to the $gamma$-ray produced by the nuclear reaction at the target location, recoil nuclei are produced with a variety of energies and angles, all of which must be accepted by St. George in order to accurately determine the reaction cross section. We demonstrate the energy acceptance of the St. George recoil separator using primary beams of helium, hydrogen, neon, and oxygen, spanning the magnetic and electric rigidity phase space populated by recoils of anticipated ($alpha,gamma$) reaction measurements. We found the performance of St. George meets the design specifications, demonstrating its suitability for ($alpha,gamma$) reaction measurements of astrophysical interest.
The XENON1T liquid xenon time projection chamber is the most sensitive detector built to date for the measurement of direct interactions of weakly interacting massive particles with normal matter. The data acquisition system (DAQ) is constructed from commercial, open source, and custom components to digitize signals from the detector and store them for later analysis. The system achieves an extremely low signal threshold below a tenth of a photoelectron using a parallelized readout with the global trigger deferred to a later, software stage. The event identification is based on MongoDB database queries and has over 97% efficiency at recognizing interactions at the analysis energy threshold. A readout bandwidth over 300 MB/s is reached in calibration modes and is further expandable via parallelization. This DAQ system was successfully used during three years of operation of XENON1T.
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