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X-ray line signal from decaying axino warm dark matter

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 Added by Osamu Seto
 Publication date 2014
  fields Physics
and research's language is English




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We consider axino warm dark matter in a supersymmetric axion model with R-parity violation. In this scenario, axino with the mass $m_axinosimeq 7$ keV can decay into photon and neutrino resulting in the X-ray line signal at $3.5$ keV, which might be the origin of unidentified X-ray emissions from galaxy clusters and Andromeda galaxy detected by the XMM-Newton X-ray observatory.



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The eXciting Dark Matter (XDM) model was proposed as a mechanism to efficiently convert the kinetic energy (in sufficiently hot environments) of dark matter into e+e- pairs. The standard scenario invokes a doublet of nearly degenerate DM states, and a dark force to mediate a large upscattering cross section between the two. For heavy ($sim TeV$) DM, the kinetic energy of WIMPs in large (galaxy-sized or larger) halos is capable of producing low-energy positrons. For lighter dark matter, this is kinematically impossible, and the unique observable signature becomes an X-ray line, arising from $chi chi rightarrow chi^* chi^*$, followed by $chi^* rightarrow chi gamma$. This variant of XDM is distinctive from other DM X-ray scenarios in that it tends to be most present in more massive, hotter environments, such as clusters, rather than nearby dwarfs, and has different dependencies from decaying models. We find that it is capable of explaining the recently reported X-ray line at 3.56 keV. For very long lifetimes of the excited state, primordial decays can explain the signal without the presence of upscattering. Thermal models freeze-out as in the normal XDM setup, via annihilations to the light boson $phi$. For suitable masses the annihilation $chi chi rightarrow phi phi$ followed by $phi rightarrow SM$ can explain the reported gamma-ray signature from the galactic center. Direct detection is discussed, including the possibility of explaining DAMA via the Luminous dark matter approach. Quite generally, the proximity of the 3.56 keV line to the energy scale of DAMA motivates a reexamination of electromagnetic explanations. Other signals, including lepton jets and the modification of cores of dwarf galaxies are also considered.
We study the possibility of improving the constraints on the lifetime of gravitino dark matter in scenarios with bilinear R-parity violation by estimating the amount of cosmic-ray antideuterons that can be produced in gravitino decays. Taking into account all different sources of theoretical uncertainties, we find that the margin of improvement beyond the limits already set by cosmic-ray antiproton data are quite narrow and unachievable for the next generation of experiments. However, we also identify more promising energy ranges for future experiments.
Recently reported tentative evidence for a gamma-ray line in the Fermi-LAT data is of great potential interest for identifying the nature of dark matter. We compare the implications for decaying and annihilating dark matter taking the constraints from continuum gamma-rays, antiproton flux and morphology of the excess into account. We find that higgsino and wino dark matter are excluded, also for nonthermal production. Generically, the continuum gamma-ray flux severely constrains annihilating dark matter. Consistency of decaying dark matter with the spatial distribution of the Fermi-LAT excess would require an enhancement of the dark matter density near the Galactic center.
We show that axinos, which are dominantly generated by the decay of the next-to-lightest supersymmetric particles produced from the leptonic $Q$-ball ($L$-ball), become warm dark matter suitable for the solution of the missing satellite problem and the cusp problem. In addition, $Omega_b - Omega_{DM}$ coincidence is naturally explained in this scenario.
We study an exciting dark matter scenario in a radiative neutrino model to explain the X-ray line signal at $3.55$ keV recently reported by XMN-Newton X-ray observatory using data of various galaxy clusters and Andromeda galaxy. We show that the required large cross section for the up-scattering process to explain the X-ray line can be obtained via the resonance of the pseudo-scalar. Moreover this model can be compatible with the thermal production of dark matter and the constraint from the direct detection experiment.
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