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Register a new userOrigins of Nonlocality near the Dirac Point in Graphene
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We present an experimental study of nonlocal electrical signals near the Dirac point in graphene. The in-plane magnetic field dependence of the nonlocal signal confirms the role of spin in this effect, as expected from recent predictions of Zeeman spin Hall effect in graphene, but our experiments show that thermo-magneto-electric effects also contribute to nonlocality, and the effect is sometimes stronger than that due to spin. Thermal effects are seen to be very sensitive to sample details that do not influence other transport parameters.
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The charge carrier density in graphene on a dielectric substrate such as SiO$_2$ displays inhomogeneities, the so-called charge puddles. Because of the linear dispersion relation in monolayer graphene, the puddles are predicted to grow near charge neutrality, a markedly distinct property from conventional two-dimensional electron gases. By performing scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy on a mesoscopic graphene device, we directly observe the puddles growth, both in spatial extent and in amplitude, as the Dirac point is approached. Self-consistent screening theory provides a unified description of both the macroscopic transport properties and the microscopically observed charge disorder.
Effects of disorder on the electronic transport properties of graphene are strongly affected by the Dirac nature of the charge carriers in graphene. This is particularly pronounced near the Dirac point, where relativistic charge carriers cannot efficiently screen the impurity potential. We have studied time-dependent conductance fluctuations and magnetoresistance in graphene in the close vicinity of the Dirac point. We show that the fluctuations are due to the quantum interference effects due to scattering on impurities, and find an unusually large reduction of the relative noise power in magnetic field, possibly indicating that an additional symmetry plays an important role in this regime.
Despite extensive search for about a decade, specular Andreev reflection is only recently realized in bilayer graphene-superconductor interface. However, the evolution from the typical retro type Andreev reflection to the unique specular Andreev reflection in single layer graphene has not yet been observed. We investigate this transition by measuring the differential conductance at the van der Walls interface of single layer graphene and NbSe2 superconductor. We find that the normalized conductance becomes suppressed as we pass through the Dirac cone via tuning the Fermi level and bias energy, which manifests the transition from retro to non-retro type Andreev reflection. The suppression indicates the blockage of Andreev reflection beyond a critical angle of the incident electron with respect to the normal between the single layer graphene and the superconductor junction. The results are compared with a theoretical model of the corresponding setup.
We investigate the quantum Hall (QH) states near the charge neutral Dirac point of a high mobility graphene sample in high magnetic fields. We find that the QH states at filling factors $ u=pm1$ depend only on the perpendicular component of the field with respect to the graphene plane, indicating them to be not spin-related. A non-linear magnetic field dependence of the activation energy gap at filling factor $ u=1$ suggests a many-body origin. We therefore propose that the $ u=0$ and $pm1$ states arise from the lifting of the spin and sub-lattice degeneracy of the $n=0$ LL, respectively.
Here we use pristine graphene samples in order to analyze how the Raman peaks intensity, measured at 2.4 eV and 1.96 eV excitation energy, changes with the amount of doping. The use of pristine graphene allows investigating the intensity dependence close to the Dirac point. We show that the G peak intensity is independent on the doping, while the 2D peak intensity strongly decreases for increasing doping. Analyzing this dependence in the framework of a fully resonant process, we found that the total electron-phonon scattering rate is ~40 meV at 2.4 eV.
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