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Graphene has exceptional optical, mechanical and electrical properties, making it an emerging material for novel optoelectronics, photonics and for flexible transparent electrode applications. However, the relatively high sheet resistance of graphene is a major constrain for many of these applications. Here we propose a new approach to achieve low sheet resistance in large-scale CVD monolayer graphene using non-volatile ferroelectric polymer gating. In this hybrid structure, large-scale graphene is heavily doped up to 3{times}1013 cm-2 by non-volatile ferroelectric dipoles, yielding a low sheet resistance of 120 {Omega}{Box} at ambient conditions. The graphene-ferroelectric transparent conductors (GFeTCs) exhibit more than 95% transmittance from the visible to the near infrared range owing to the highly transparent nature of the ferroelectric polymer. Together with its excellent mechanical flexibility, chemical inertness and the simple fabrication process of ferroelectric polymers, the proposed GFeTCs represent a new route towards large-scale graphene based transparent electrodes and optoelectronics.
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The celebrated electronic properties of graphene have opened way for materials just one-atom-thick to be used in the post-silicon electronic era. An important milestone was the creation of heterostructures based on graphene and other two-dimensional (2D) crystals, which can be assembled in 3D stacks with atomic layer precision. These layered structures have already led to a range of fascinating physical phenomena, and also have been used in demonstrating a prototype field effect tunnelling transistor - a candidate for post-CMOS technology. The range of possible materials which could be incorporated into such stacks is very large. Indeed, there are many other materials where layers are linked by weak van der Waals forces, which can be exfoliated and combined together to create novel highly-tailored heterostructures. Here we describe a new generation of field effect vertical tunnelling transistors where 2D tungsten disulphide serves as an atomically thin barrier between two layers of either mechanically exfoliated or CVD-grown graphene. Our devices have unprecedented current modulation exceeding one million at room temperature and can also operate on transparent and flexible substrates.
We report that 30-inch scale multiple roll-to-roll transfer and wet chemical doping considerably enhance the electrical properties of the graphene films grown on roll-type Cu substrates by chemical vapor deposition. The resulting graphene films shows a sheet resistance as low as ~30 Ohm/sq at ~90 % transparency which is superior to commercial transparent electrodes such as indium tin oxides (ITO). The monolayer of graphene shows sheet resistances as low as ~125 Ohm/sq with 97.4% optical transmittance and half-integer quantum Hall effect, indicating the high-quality of these graphene films. As a practical application, we also fabricated a touch screen panel device based on the graphene transparent electrodes, showing extraordinary mechanical and electrical performances.
Preparing graphene and its derivatives on functional substrates may open enormous opportunities for exploring the intrinsic electronic properties and new functionalities of graphene. However, efforts in replacing SiO$_{2}$ have been greatly hampered by a very low sample yield of the exfoliation and related transferring methods. Here, we report a new route in exploring new graphene physics and functionalities by transferring large-scale chemical vapor deposition single-layer and bilayer graphene to functional substrates. Using ferroelectric Pb(Zr$_{0.3}$Ti$_{0.7}$)O$_{3}$ (PZT), we demonstrate ultra-low voltage operation of graphene field effect transistors within $pm1$ V with maximum doping exceeding $10^{13},mathrm{cm^{-2}}$ and on-off ratios larger than 10 times. After polarizing PZT, switching of graphene field effect transistors are characterized by pronounced resistance hysteresis, suitable for ultra-fast non-volatile electronics.
Flexible and transparent electronics presents a new era of electronic technologies. Ubiquitous applications involve wearable electronics, biosensors, flexible transparent displays, radio-frequency identifications (RFIDs), etc.Zinc oxide (ZnO) and related materials are the most commonly used inorganic semiconductors in flexible and transparent devices, owing to their high electrical performance, together with low processing temperature and good optical transparency.In this paper, we review recent advances in flexible and transparent thin-film transistors (TFTs) based on ZnO and related materials.After a brief introduction, the main progresses on the preparation of each component (substrate, electrodes, channel and dielectrics) are summarized and discussed. Then, the effect of mechanical bending on electrical performance was highlighted. Finally, we suggest the challenges and opportunities in future investigations.
Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) are a novel and intriguing class of materials in the field of nanoelectronics, since their properties, solely defined by their width and edge type, are controllable with high precision directly from synthesis. Here we study the correlation between the GNR structure and the corresponding device electrical properties. We investigated a series of field effect devices consisting of a film of armchair GNRs with different structures (namely width and/or length) as the transistor channel, contacted with narrowly spaced graphene sheets as the source-drain electrodes. By analyzing several tens of junctions for each individual GNR type, we observe that the values of the output current display a width-dependent behavior, indicating electronic bandgaps in good agreement with the predicted theoretical values. These results provide insights into the link between the ribbon structure and the device properties, which are fundamental for the development of GNR-based electronics.
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