We survey known results and present estimates and conjectures for the next-order term in the asymptotics of the optimal logarithmic energy and Riesz $s$-energy of $N$ points on the unit sphere in $mathbb{R}^{d+1}$, $dgeq 1$. The conjectures are based on analytic continuation assumptions (with respect to $s$) for the coefficients in the asymptotic expansion (as $Nto infty$) of the optimal $s$-energy.
Let $Lambda$ be a lattice in ${bf R}^d$ with positive co-volume. Among $Lambda$-periodic $N$-point configurations, we consider the minimal renormalized Riesz $s$-energy $mathcal{E}_{s,Lambda}(N)$. While the dominant term in the asymptotic expansion of $mathcal{E}_{s,Lambda}(N)$ as $N$ goes to infinity in the long range case that $0<s<d$ (or $s=log$) can be obtained from classical potential theory, the next order term(s) require a different approach. Here we derive the form of the next order term or terms, namely for $s>0$ they are of the form $C_{s,d}|Lambda|^{-s/d}N^{1+s/d}$ and $-frac{2}{d}Nlog N+left(C_{log,d}-2zeta_{Lambda}(0)right)N$ where we show that the constant $C_{s,d}$ is independent of the lattice $Lambda$.
We investigate the minimal Riesz s-energy problem for positive measures on the d-dimensional unit sphere S^d in the presence of an external field induced by a point charge, and more generally by a line charge. The model interaction is that of Riesz potentials |x-y|^(-s) with d-2 <= s < d. For a given axis-supported external field, the support and the density of the corresponding extremal measure on S^d is determined. The special case s = d-2 yields interesting phenomena, which we investigate in detail. A weak* asymptotic analysis is provided as s goes to (d-2)^+.
Utilizing frameworks developed by Delsarte, Yudin and Levenshtein, we deduce linear programming lower bounds (as $Nto infty$) for the Riesz energy of $N$-point configurations on the $d$-dimensional unit sphere in the so-called hypersingular case; i.e, for non-integrable Riesz kernels of the form $|x-y|^{-s}$ with $s>d.$ As a consequence, we immediately get (thanks to the Poppy-seed bagel theorem) lower estimates for the large $N$ limits of minimal hypersingular Riesz energy on compact $d$-rectifiable sets. Furthermore, for the Gaussian potential $exp(-alpha|x-y|^2)$ on $mathbb{R}^p,$ we obtain lower bounds for the energy of infinite configurations having a prescribed density.
We derive the complete asymptotic expansion in terms of powers of $N$ for the geodesic $f$-energy of $N$ equally spaced points on a rectifiable simple closed curve $Gamma$ in ${mathbb R}^p$, $pgeq2$, as $N to infty$. For $f$ decreasing and convex, such a point configuration minimizes the $f$-energy $sum_{j eq k}f(d(mathbf{x}_j, mathbf{x}_k))$, where $d$ is the geodesic distance (with respect to $Gamma$) between points on $Gamma$. Completely monotonic functions, analytic kernel functions, Laurent series, and weighted kernel functions $f$ are studied. % Of particular interest are the geodesic Riesz potential $1/d^s$ ($s eq 0$) and the geodesic logarithmic potential $log(1/d)$. By analytic continuation we deduce the expansion for all complex values of $s$.
We prove the analogue of the strong Szeg{H o} limit theorem for a large class of bordered Toeplitz determinants. In particular, by applying our results to the formula of Au-Yang and Perk cite{YP} for the next-to-diagonal correlations $langle sigma_{0,0}sigma_{N-1,N} rangle$ in the anisotropic square lattice Ising model, we rigorously justify that the next-to-diagonal long-range order is the same as the diagonal and horizontal ones in the low temperature regime. The anisotropy-dependence of the subleading term in the asymptotics of the next-to-diagonal correlations is also established. We use Riemann-Hilbert and operator theory techniques, independently and in parallel, to prove these results.