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Let $BS(1,n) =< a, b | aba^{-1} = b^n >$ be the solvable Baumslag-Solitar group, where $ ngeq 2$. It is known that BS(1,n) is isomorphic to the group generated by the two affine maps of the real line: $f_0(x) = x + 1$ and $h_0(x) = nx $. This paper deals with the dynamics of actions of BS(1,n) on closed orientable surfaces. We exhibit a smooth BS(1,n) action without finite orbits on $TT ^2$, we study the dynamical behavior of it and of its $C^1$-pertubations and we prove that it is not locally rigid. We develop a general dynamical study for faithful topological BS(1,n)-actions on closed surfaces $S$. We prove that such actions $<f,h | h circ f circ h^{-1} = f^n>$ admit a minimal set included in $fix(f)$, the set of fixed points of $f$, provided that $fix(f)$ is not empty. When $S= TT^2$, we show that there exists a positive integer $N$, such that $fix(f^N)$ is non-empty and contains a minimal set of the action. As a corollary, we get that there are no minimal faithful topological actions of BS(1,n) on $TT^2$. When the surface $S$ has genus at least 2, is closed and orientable, and $f$ is isotopic to identity, then $fix(f)$ is non empty and contains a minimal set of the action. Moreover if the action is $C^1$ then $fix(f)$ contains any minimal set.
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Let $BS(1, n)=< a, b | aba^{-1} = b^n >$ be the solvable Baumslag-Solitar group, where $ ngeq 2$. It is known that B(1, n) is isomorphic to the group generated by the two affine maps of the line : $f_0(x) = x + 1$ and $h_0(x) = nx $. The action on $S^1 = RR cup {infty}$ generated by these two affine maps $f_0$ and $h_0 $ is called the standard affine one. We prove that any representation of BS(1,n) into $Diff^1(S^1)$ is (up to a finite index subgroup) semiconjugated to the standard affine action.
We consider $f, h$ homeomorphims generating a faithful $BS(1,n)$-action on a closed surface $S$, that is, $h f h^{-1} = f^n$, for some $ ngeq 2$. According to cite{GL}, after replacing $f$ by a suitable iterate if necessary, we can assume that there exists a minimal set $Lambda$ of the action, included in $Fix(f)$. Here, we suppose that $f$ and $h$ are $C^1$ in neighbourhood of $Lambda$ and any point $xinLambda$ admits an $h$-unstable manifold $W^u(x)$. Using Bonattis techniques, we prove that either there exists an integer $N$ such that $W^u(x)$ is included in $Fix(f^N)$ or there is a lower bound for the norm of the differential of $h$ only depending on $n$ and the Riemannian metric on $S$. Combining last statement with a result of cite{AGX}, we show that any faithful action of $BS(1, n)$ on $S$ with $h$ a pseudo-Anosov homeomorphism has a finite orbit. As a consequence, there is no faithful $C^1$-action of $BS(1, n)$ on the torus with $h$ an Anosov.
We give a complete list of the cobounded actions of solvable Baumslag-Solitar groups on hyperbolic metric spaces up to a natural equivalence relation. The set of equivalence classes carries a natural partial order first introduced by Abbott-Balasubramanya-Osin, and we describe the resulting poset completely. There are finitely many equivalence classes of actions, and each equivalence class contains the action on a point, a tree, or the hyperbolic plane.
We exhibit a weakly aperiodic tile set for Baumslag-Solitar groups, and prove that the domino problem is undecidable on these groups. A consequence of our construction is the existence of an arecursive tile set on Baumslag-Solitar groups.
In this paper we classify Baumslag-Solitar groups up to commensurability. In order to prove our main result we give a solution to the isomorphism problem for a subclass of Generalised Baumslag-Solitar groups.
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