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Register a new userMoments of the Spin Structure Functions g_1^p and g_1^d for 0.05 < Q^2 < 3.0 GeV^2
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The spin structure functions g_1 for the proton and the deuteron have been measured over a wide kinematic range in x and Q2 using 1.6 and 5.7 GeV longitudinally polarized electrons incident upon polarized NH_3 and ND_3 targets at Jefferson Lab. Scattered electrons were detected in the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer, for 0.05 < Q^2 < 5 GeV^2 and W < 3 GeV. The first moments of g_1 for the proton and deuteron are presented -- both have a negative slope at low Q^2, as predicted by the extended Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn sum rule. The first result for the generalized forward spin polarizability of the proton gamma_0^p is also reported. This quantity shows strong Q^2 dependence at low Q^2, while Q^6gamma_0^p seems to flatten out at the highest Q^2 accessed by our experiment. Although the first moments of g_1 are consistent with Chiral Perturbation Theory (ChPT) calculations up to approximately Q^2 = 0.06 GeV^2, a significant discrepancy is observed between the gamma_0^p data and ChPT for gamma_0^p, even at the lowest Q2.
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We measured the $g_1$ spin structure function of the deuteron at low $Q^{2}$, where QCD can be approximated with chiral perturbation theory ($chi$PT). The data cover the resonance region, up to an invariant mass of $Wapprox1.9$~GeV. The generalized Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn sum, the moment $bar{Gamma}_{1}^{d}$ and the integral $bar{I}_gamma^d$ related to the spin polarizability $gamma_{0}^{d}$ are precisely determined down to a minimum $Q^2$ of 0.02~GeV$^2$ for the first time, about 2.5 times lower than that of previous data. We compare them to several $chi$PT calculations and models. These results are the first in a program of benchmark measurements of polarization observables in the $chi$PT domain.
We present a precise measurement of the proton longitudinal double-spin asymmetry $A_1^{rm p}$ and the proton spin-dependent structure function $g_1^{rm p}$ at photon virtualities $0.006~({rm GeV}/c)^2<Q^2 < 1~({rm GeV}/c)^2$ in the Bjorken $x$ range of $4 times 10^{-5} < x < 4 times 10^{-2}$. The results are based on data collected by the COMPASS Collaboration at CERN using muon beam energies of $160~{rm GeV}$ and $200~{rm GeV}$. The statistical precision is more than tenfold better than that of the previous measurement in this region. In the whole range of $x$, the measured values of $A_1^{rm p}$ and $g_1^{rm p}$ are found to be positive. It is for the first time that spin effects are found at such low values of $x$.
We present extractions of the nucleon non-singlet moments utilizing new precision data on the deuteron $F_2$ structure function at large Bjorken-$x$ determined via the Rosenbluth separation technique at Jefferson Lab Experimental Hall C. These new data are combined with a complementary set of data on the proton previously measured in Hall C at similar kinematics and world data sets on the proton and deuteron at lower $x$ measured at SLAC and CERN. The new Jefferson Lab data provide coverage of the upper third of the $x$ range, crucial for precision determination of the higher moments. In contrast to previous extractions, these moments have been corrected for nuclear effects in the deuteron using a new global fit to the deuteron and proton data. The obtained experimental moments represent an order of magnitude improvement in precision over previous extractions using high $x$ data. Moreover, recent exciting developments in Lattice QCD calculations provide a first ever comparison of these new experimental results with calculations of moments carried out at the physical pion mass, as well as a new approach which first calculates the quark distributions directly before determining moments.
New, accurate data are presented on the near threshold p(e,ep)pi^0 reaction in the range of four-momentum transfers between Q^2=0.05 and 0.15GeV^2/c^2. The data were taken with the spectrometer setup of the A1 Collaboration at the Mainz Microtron MAMI. The complete center of mass solid angle was covered up to a center of mass energy of 4MeV above threshold. These results supersede the previous analysis based on three separate experiments, and are compared with calculations in Heavy Baryon Chiral Perturbation Theory and with phenomenological models.
New data are presented on the p(e,ep)pi^0 reaction at threshold at a four-momentum transfer of Q^2=0.05 GeV^2/c^2. The data were taken with the three-spectrometer setup of the A1 Collaboration at the Mainz Microtron MAMI. The complete center of mass solid angle was covered up to a center of mass energy of 4 MeV above threshold. Combined with measurements at three different values of the virtual photon polarization epsilon, the structure functions sigma_T, sigma_L, sigma_{TT}, and sigma_{TL} are determined. The results are compared with calculations in Heavy Baryon Chiral Perturbation Theory and with a phenomenological model. The measured cross section is significantly smaller than both predictions.
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