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Register a new userCombinatorial aspects of boundary loop models
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Added by
Jesper Lykke Jacobsen
Publication date
2008
fields
Physics
and research's language is
English
Authors
Jesper Lykke Jacobsen
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We discuss in this paper combinatorial aspects of boundary loop models, that is models of self-avoiding loops on a strip where loops get different weights depending on whether they touch the left, the right, both or no boundary. These models are described algebraically by a generalization of the Temperley-Lieb algebra, dubbed the two-boundary TL algebra. We give results for the dimensions of TL representations and the corresponding degeneracies in the partition functions. We interpret these results in terms of fusion and in the light of the recently uncovered A_n large symmetry present in loop models, paving the way for the analysis of the conformal field theory properties. Finally, we propose conjectures for determinants of Gram matrices in all cases, including the two-boundary one, which has recently been discussed by de Gier and Nichols.
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We obtain long series expansions for the bulk, surface and corner free energies for several two-dimensional statistical models, by combining Entings finite lattice method (FLM) with exact transfer matrix enumerations. The models encompass all integrable curves of the Q-state Potts model on the square and triangular lattices, including the antiferromagnetic transition curves and the Ising model (Q=2) at temperature T, as well as a fully-packed O(n) type loop model on the square lattice. The expansions are around the trivial fixed points at infinite Q, n or 1/T. By using a carefully chosen expansion parameter, q << 1, all expansions turn out to be of the form prod_{k=1}^infty (1-q^k)^{alpha_k + k beta_k}, where the coefficients alpha_k and beta_k are periodic functions of k. Thanks to this periodicity property we can conjecture the form of the expansions to all orders (except in a few cases where the periodicity is too large). These expressions are then valid for all 0 <= q < 1. We analyse in detail the q to 1^- limit in which the models become critical. In this limit the divergence of the corner free energy defines a universal term which can be compared with the conformal field theory (CFT) predictions of Cardy and Peschel. This allows us to deduce the asymptotic expressions for the correlation length in several cases. Finally we work out the FLM formulae for the case where some of the systems boundaries are endowed with particular (non-free) boundary conditions. We apply this in particular to the square-lattice Potts model with Jacobsen-Saleur boundary conditions, conjecturing the expansions of the surface and corner free energies to arbitrary order for any integer value of the boundary interaction parameter r. These results are in turn compared with CFT predictions.
We define parafermionic observables in various lattice loop models, including examples where no Kramers-Wannier duality holds. For a particular rhombic embedding of the lattice in the plane and a value of the parafermionic spin these variables are discretely holomorphic (they satisfy a lattice version of the Cauchy-Riemann equations) as long as the Boltzmann weights satisfy certain linear constraints. In the cases considered, the weights then also satisfy the critical Yang-Baxter equations, with the spectral parameter being related linearly to the angle of the elementary rhombus.
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In two-dimensional statistical models possessing a discretely holomorphic parafermion, we introduce a modified discrete Cauchy-Riemann equation on the boundary of the domain, and we show that the solution of this equation yields integrable boundary Boltzmann weights. This approach is applied to (i) the square-lattice O(n) loop model, where the exact locations of the special and ordinary transitions are recovered, and (ii) the Fateev-Zamolodchikov $Z_N$ spin model, where a new rotation-invariant, integrable boundary condition is discovered for generic $N$.
In this paper, we study the product of two complex Ginibre matrices and the loop equations satisfied by their resolvents (i.e. the Stieltjes transform of the correlation functions). We obtain using Schwinger-Dyson equation (SDE) techniques the general loop equations satisfied by the resolvents. In order to deal with the product structure of the random matrix of interest, we consider SDEs involving the integral of higher derivatives. One of the advantage of this technique is that it bypasses the reformulation of the problem in terms of singular values. As a byproduct of this study we obtain the large $N$ limit of the Stieltjes transform of the $2$-point correlation function, as well as the first correction to the Stieltjes transform of the density, giving us access to corrections to the smoothed density. In order to pave the way for the establishment of a topological recursion formula we also study the geometry of the corresponding spectral curve. This paper also contains explicit results for different resolvents and their corrections.
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