Subscribe to the gold package and get unlimited access to Shamra Academy
Register a new userLearn Continually, Generalize Rapidly: Lifelong Knowledge Accumulation for Few-shot Learning
تتعلم باستمرار، وتعميم بسرعة: تراكم المعرفة مدى الحياة للحصول على عدد قليل من التعلم
618
0 0
0.0
(
0
)
Created by
Shamra Editor
Ask ChatGPT about the research
القدرة على توسيع المعرفة باستمرار مع مرور الوقت واستخدامها للتعميم السريع للمهام الجديدة هي سمة رئيسية لاستخبارات اللغوية البشرية. ومع ذلك، فإن النماذج الموجودة التي تتابع التعميم السريع لمهام جديدة (على سبيل المثال، طرق تعلم قليلة بالرصاص) تتدرب في الغالب في طلقة واحدة على مجموعات البيانات الثابتة، غير القادرة على توسيع معارفها ديناميكيا؛ في حين أن خوارزميات التعلم المستمرة ليست مصممة خصيصا للتعميم السريع. نقدم إعداد تعليمي جديد، وتعلم مستمر لمتعلمي القليل من الأخطاء (CLIF)، لمعالجة تحديات كلا من إعدادات التعلم في إعداد موحد. يفترض CLIF نموذجا يتعلم من سلسلة من مهام NLP المتنوعة التي تصل بالتتابع، وتراكم المعرفة لتحسين التعميم إلى مهام جديدة، مع الحفاظ أيضا على الأداء على المهام المستفادة في وقت سابق. ندرس كيف تتأثر قدرة تعميم التعميم في إعداد التعلم المستمر، وتقييم عدد من خوارزميات التعلم المستمرة، واقتراح نهج جيل محول منتظمت جديد. نجد أن النسيان الكارثي يؤثر على قدرة التعميم على درجة أقل من الأداء في المهام المشاهدة؛ في حين أن خوارزميات التعلم المستمرة لا تزال تحقق فائدة كبيرة لقدرة التعميم.
The ability to continuously expand knowledge over time and utilize it to rapidly generalize to new tasks is a key feature of human linguistic intelligence. Existing models that pursue rapid generalization to new tasks (e.g., few-shot learning methods), however, are mostly trained in a single shot on fixed datasets, unable to dynamically expand their knowledge; while continual learning algorithms are not specifically designed for rapid generalization. We present a new learning setup, Continual Learning of Few-Shot Learners (CLIF), to address challenges of both learning settings in a unified setup. CLIF assumes a model learns from a sequence of diverse NLP tasks arriving sequentially, accumulating knowledge for improved generalization to new tasks, while also retaining performance on the tasks learned earlier. We examine how the generalization ability is affected in the continual learning setup, evaluate a number of continual learning algorithms, and propose a novel regularized adapter generation approach. We find that catastrophic forgetting affects generalization ability to a lesser degree than performance on seen tasks; while continual learning algorithms can still bring considerable benefit to the generalization ability.
References used
https://aclanthology.org/
rate research
Read More
Humans can distinguish new categories very efficiently with few examples, largely due to the fact that human beings can leverage knowledge obtained from relevant tasks. However, deep learning based text classification model tends to struggle to achie
ve satisfactory performance when labeled data are scarce. Inspired by human intelligence, we propose to introduce external knowledge into few-shot learning to imitate human knowledge. A novel parameter generator network is investigated to this end, which is able to use the external knowledge to generate different metrics for different tasks. Armed with this network, similar tasks can use similar metrics while different tasks use different metrics. Through experiments, we demonstrate that our method outperforms the SoTA few-shot text classification models.
Natural Language Processing (NLP) is increasingly relying on general end-to-end systems that need to handle many different linguistic phenomena and nuances. For example, a Natural Language Inference (NLI) system has to recognize sentiment, handle num
bers, perform coreference, etc. Our solutions to complex problems are still far from perfect, so it is important to create systems that can learn to correct mistakes quickly, incrementally, and with little training data. In this work, we propose a continual few-shot learning (CFL) task, in which a system is challenged with a difficult phenomenon and asked to learn to correct mistakes with only a few (10 to 15) training examples. To this end, we first create benchmarks based on previously annotated data: two NLI (ANLI and SNLI) and one sentiment analysis (IMDB) datasets. Next, we present various baselines from diverse paradigms (e.g., memory-aware synapses and Prototypical networks) and compare them on few-shot learning and continual few-shot learning setups. Our contributions are in creating a benchmark suite and evaluation protocol for continual few-shot learning on the text classification tasks, and making several interesting observations on the behavior of similarity-based methods. We hope that our work serves as a useful starting point for future work on this important topic.
Humans are capable of learning novel concepts from very few examples; in contrast, state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms typically need thousands of examples to do so. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for learning novel concepts by repre
senting them as programs over existing concepts. This way the concept learning problem is naturally a program synthesis problem and our algorithm learns from a few examples to synthesize a program representing the novel concept. In addition, we perform a theoretical analysis of our approach for the case where the program defining the novel concept over existing ones is context-free. We show that given a learned grammar-based parser and a novel production rule, we can augment the parser with the production rule in a way that provably generalizes. We evaluate our approach by learning concepts in the semantic parsing domain extended to the few-shot novel concept learning setting, showing that our approach significantly outperforms end-to-end neural semantic parsers.
Meta-learning has recently been proposed to learn models and algorithms that can generalize from a handful of examples. However, applications to structured prediction and textual tasks pose challenges for meta-learning algorithms. In this paper, we a
pply two meta-learning algorithms, Prototypical Networks and Reptile, to few-shot Named Entity Recognition (NER), including a method for incorporating language model pre-training and Conditional Random Fields (CRF). We propose a task generation scheme for converting classical NER datasets into the few-shot setting, for both training and evaluation. Using three public datasets, we show these meta-learning algorithms outperform a reasonable fine-tuned BERT baseline. In addition, we propose a novel combination of Prototypical Networks and Reptile.
Existing work on automated hate speech classification assumes that the dataset is fixed and the classes are pre-defined. However, the amount of data in social media increases every day, and the hot topics changes rapidly, requiring the classifiers to
be able to continuously adapt to new data without forgetting the previously learned knowledge. This ability, referred to as lifelong learning, is crucial for the real-word application of hate speech classifiers in social media. In this work, we propose lifelong learning of hate speech classification on social media. To alleviate catastrophic forgetting, we propose to use Variational Representation Learning (VRL) along with a memory module based on LB-SOINN (Load-Balancing Self-Organizing Incremental Neural Network). Experimentally, we show that combining variational representation learning and the LB-SOINN memory module achieves better performance than the commonly-used lifelong learning techniques.
suggested questions
Log in to be able to interact and post comments
comments
Fetching comments
Sign in to be able to follow your search criteria
