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Results for the $pi + N to Lambda, Sigma + K$ reactions in nuclear matter of Ref. nucl-th/0004011 are presented. To evaluate the in-medium modification of the reaction amplitude as a function of the baryonic density we introduce relativistic, mean-field potentials for the initial, final and intermediate mesonic and baryonic states in the resonance model. These vector and scalar potentials were calculated using the quark meson coupling model. Contrary to earlier work which has not allowed for the change of the cross section in medium, we find that the data for kaon production at SIS energies are consistent with a repulsive $K^+$-nucleus potential.
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The charge form factor and weak decay constant of the pion as well as the pion-quark coupling constant in symmetric nuclear matter are explored in the framework of the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model, where the pion is described as a bound state of dressed quark-antiquark pair obtained by the Bethe-Salpeter equation. For the in-medium current quark properties, we adopt the quark-meson coupling model, which describes successfully many hadron properties in a nuclear medium. The pion decay constant and the pion-quark coupling constant are found to decrease with increasing density as well as the magnitude of the light quark condensate. But the pion mass is found to be insensitive to density up to $1.25$ times the normal nuclear density. The pion charge form factor in the space-like region is also explored and is found to have a similar $Q^2$ dependence as the form factor in vacuum showing $1/Q^2$-behavior in large $Q^2$ region, where $Q^2$ is the negative of the four-momentum transfer squared. The modifications of the charge radius of the charged pion in nuclear matter are then estimated and the root-mean-square radius at the normal nuclear density is predicted to be larger than that in vacuum by about 20%.
We discuss the effect of changes in meson properties in a nuclear medium on physical observables, notably, $J/Psi$ dissociation on pion and $rho$ meson comovers in relativistic heavy ion collisions, and the prediction of the $omega$-, $eta$- and $eta$-nuclear bound states.
We resolve the long-standing open question of how the transport model AMPT manages to generate sufficiently high elliptic flow (v2) in A+A reactions with only few-millibarn 2->2 partonic cross sections - in apparent contradiction with an early study by Molnar and Gyulassy. Through detailed comparisons with the covariant Molnars Parton Cascade (MPC), we pinpoint which features of initial conditions, interactions, and dynamics encoded in the partonic stage of AMPT allow it to circumvent the opacity puzzle at RHIC.
We study the medium-induced gluon emission from a hard quark jet traversing the dense nuclear matter within the framework of deep inelastic scattering off a large nucleus. We extend the previous work and compute the single gluon emission spectrum including both transverse and longitudinal momentum exchanges between the hard jet parton and the medium constituents. On the other hand, with only transverse scattering and using static scattering centers for the traversed medium, our induced gluon emission spectrum in the soft gluon limit reduces to the Gyulassy-Levai-Vitev one-rescattering-one-emission formula.
The effects of the theoretical uncertainties in the description of neutrino-nucleus cross sections for supernova neutrino energies are investigated.
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