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Register a new userSilicon Pad Detectors for the PHOBOS Experiment at RHIC
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The PHOBOS experiment is well positioned to obtain crucial information about relativistic heavy ion collisions at RHIC, combining a multiplicity counter with a multi-particle spectrometer. The multiplicity arrays will measure the charged particle multiplicity over the full solid angle. The spectrometer will be able to identify particles at mid-rapidity. The experiment is constructed almost exclusively of silicon pad detectors. Detectors of nine different types are configured in the multiplicity and vertex detector (22,000 channels) and two multi-particle spectrometers (120,000 channels). The overall layout of the experiment, testing of the silicon sensors and the performance of the detectors during the engineering run at RHIC in 1999 are discussed.
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The PHOBOS experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory is studying interactions of heavy nuclei at the largest energies available in the laboratory. The high multiplicity of particles created in heavy ion collisions makes precise vertex reconstruction possible using information from a spectrometer and a specialized vertex detector with relatively small acceptances. For lower multiplicity events, a large acceptance, single layer multiplicity detector is used and special algorithms are developed to reconstruct the vertex, resulting in high efficiency at the expense of poorer resolution. The algorithms used in the PHOBOS experiment and their performance are presented.
PHOBOS is one of four experiments studying Au-Au collisions at RHIC. During the first running period RHIC provided Au+Au collisions at $sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}$ = 56 GeV and 130 GeV. The data collected during this period allowed us to study the energy and centrality dependence of particle production, the anisotropy of the final state azimuthal distribution and particle ratios at mid-rapidity.
PHOBOS is one of four experiments studying the Au-Au interactions at RHIC. The data collected during the first few weeks after the RHIC start-up, using the initial configuration of the PHOBOS detector, were sufficient to obtain the first physics results for the most central collisions of Au nuclei at the center of mass energy of 56 and 130 AGeV. The pseudorapidity density of charged particles near midrapidity is shown and compared with data at lower energies and from $pp$ and $pbar{p}$ collisions. The progress of the analysis of the data is also presented.PHOBOS is one of four experiments studying the Au-Au interactions at RHIC. The data collected during the first few weeks after the RHIC start-up, using the initial configuration of the PHOBOS detector, were sufficient to obtain the first physics results for the most central collisions of Au nuclei at the center of mass energy of 56 and 130 AGeV. The pseudorapidity density of charged particles near midrapidity is shown and compared with data at lower energies and from $pp$ and $pbar{p}$ collisions. The progress of the analysis of the data is also presented.
We have developed a silicon pixel detector to enhance the physics capabilities of the PHENIX experiment. This detector, consisting of two layers of sensors, will be installed around the beam pipe at the collision point and covers a pseudo-rapidity of | eta | < 1.2 and an azimuth angle of | phi | ~ 2{pi}. The detector uses 200 um thick silicon sensors and readout chips developed for the ALICE experiment. In order to meet the PHENIX DAQ readout requirements, it is necessary to read out 4 readout chips in parallel. The physics goals of PHENIX require that radiation thickness of the detector be minimized. To meet these criteria, the detector has been designed and developed. In this paper, we report the current status of the development, especially the development of the low-mass readout bus and the front-end readout electronics.
The latest PHENIX results for particle production are presented in this paper. A suppression of the yield of high p_t (transverse momentum) hadrons in central Au+Au collisions is found. In contrast, direct photons are not suppressed in central Au+Au collisions and no suppression of high p_t particles can be seen in d+Au collisions. This leads to the conclusion that the dense medium formed in central Au+Au collisions is responsible for the suppression. It is as well found, that the properties of this medium are similar to the one of a liquid. Further measurements provide information about the chiral dynamics of the system.
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