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Register a new userThe massless XXZ chain with a boundary
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Authors
T. Kojima
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We study the XXZ chain with a boundary at massless regime $-1<Delta<1$. We give the free field realizations of the boundary vacuum state and its dual. Using these realizations, we give the integrable representations of the correlation functions.
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Finite XXZ chain with double boundaries is considered at critical regime $-1<Delta<1$. We construct the eigenvectors of finite Hamiltonian by means of vertex operators and the quasi-boundary states. Using the free field realizations of the vertex operators and the quasi-boundary states, integral representations for the correlation functions are derived.
The higher rank analogue of the XXZ model with a boundary is considered on the basis of the vertex operator approach. We derive difference equations of the quantum Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov type for 2N-point correlations of the model. We present infinite product formulae of two point functions with free boundary condition by solving those difference equations with N=1.
We study the SU(n) invariant massive Thirring model with boundary reflection. Our approach is based on the free field approach. We construct the free field realizations of the boundary state and its dual. For an application of these realizations, we present integral representations for the form factors of the local operators.
An analytic method is proposed to compute the surface energy and elementary excitations of the XXZ spin chain with generic non-diagonal boundary fields. For the gapped case, in some boundary parameter regimes the contributions of the two boundary fields to the surface energy are non-additive. Such a correlation effect between the two boundaries also depends on the parity of the site number $N$ even in the thermodynamic limit $Ntoinfty$. For the gapless case, contributions of the two boundary fields to the surface energy are additive due to the absence of long-range correlation in the bulk. Although the $U(1)$ symmetry of the system is broken, exact spinon-like excitations, which obviously do not carry spin-$frac12$, are observed. The present method provides an universal procedure to deal with quantum integrable systems either with or without $U(1)$ symmetry.
The scalar products, form factors and correlation functions of the XXZ spin chain with twisted (or antiperiodic) boundary condition are obtained based on the inhomogeneous $T-Q$ relation and the Bethe states constructed via the off-diagonal Bethe Ansatz. It is shown that the scalar product of two off-shell Bethe states, the form factors and the two-point correlation functions can be expressed as the summation of certain determinants. The corresponding homogeneous limits are studied. The results are also checked by the numerical calculations.
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