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Register a new userMethane ionization chamber to search for spin-dependent dark matter interactions
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A liquid-methane ionization chamber is proposed as a setup to search for spin-dependent interactions of dark-matter particles with hydrogen
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Detectors with low thresholds for electron recoil open a new window to direct searches of sub-GeV dark matter (DM) candidates. In the past decade, many strong limits on DM-electron interactions have been set, but most on the one which is spin-independent (SI) of both dark matter and electron spins. In this work, we study DM-atom scattering through a spin-dependent (SD) interaction at leading order (LO), using well-benchmarked, state-of-the-art atomic many-body calculations. Exclusion limits on the SD DM-electron cross section are derived with data taken from experiments with xenon and germanium detectors at leading sensitivities. In the DM mass range of 0.1 - 10 GeV, the best limits set by the XENON1T experiment: $sigma_e^{textrm{(SD)}}<10^{-41}-10^{-40},textrm{cm}^2$ are comparable to the ones drawn on DM-neutron and DM-proton at slightly bigger DM masses. The detectors responses to the LO SD and SI interactions are analyzed. In nonrelativistic limit, a constant ratio between them leads to an indistinguishability of the SD and SI recoil energy spectra. Relativistic calculations however show the scaling starts to break down at a few hundreds of eV, where spin-orbit effects become sizable. We discuss the prospects of disentangling the SI and SD components in DM-electron interactions via spectral shape measurements, as well as having spin-sensitive experimental signatures without SI background.
We consider minimal dark matter scenarios featuring momentum-dependent couplings of the dark sector to the Standard Model. We derive constraints from existing LHC searches in the monojet channel, estimate the future LHC sensitivity for an integrated luminosity of 300 fb$^{-1}$, and compare with models exhibiting conventional momentum-independent interactions with the dark sector. In addition to being well motivated by (composite) pseudo-Goldstone dark matter scenarios, momentum-dependent couplings are interesting as they weaken direct detection constraints. For a specific dark matter mass, the LHC turns out to be sensitive to smaller signal cross-sections in the momentum-dependent case, by virtue of the harder jet transverse-momentum distribution.
The PICASSO experiment at SNOLAB reports new results for spin-dependent WIMP interactions on $^{19}$F using the superheated droplet technique. A new generation of detectors and new features which enable background discrimination via the rejection of non-particle induced events are described. First results are presented for a subset of two detectors with target masses of $^{19}$F of 65 g and 69 g respectively and a total exposure of 13.75 $pm$ 0.48 kgd. No dark matter signal was found and for WIMP masses around 24 GeV/c$^2$ new limits have been obtained on the spin-dependent cross section on $^{19}$F of $sigma_F$ = 13.9 pb (90% C.L.) which can be converted into cross section limits on protons and neutrons of $sigma_p$ = 0.16 pb and $sigma_n$ = 2.60 pb respectively (90% C.L). The obtained limits on protons restrict recent interpretations of the DAMA/LIBRA annual modulations in terms of spin-dependent interactions.
A bevy of light dark matter direct detection experiments have been proposed, targeting spin-independent dark matter scattering. In order to be exhaustive, non-standard signatures that have been investigated in the WIMP window including spin-dependent dark matter scattering also need to be looked into in the light dark matter parameter space. In this work, we promote this endeavor by deriving indirect limits on sub-GeV spin-dependent dark matter through terrestrial and astrophysical limits on the forces that mediate this scattering.
We report constraints on light dark matter (DM) models using ionization signals in the XENON1T experiment. We mitigate backgrounds with strong event selections, rather than requiring a scintillation signal, leaving an effective exposure of $(22 pm 3)$ tonne-days. Above $sim!0.4,mathrm{keV}_mathrm{ee}$, we observe $<1 , text{event}/(text{tonne} times text{day} times text{keV}_text{ee})$, which is more than one thousand times lower than in similar searches with other detectors. Despite observing a higher rate at lower energies, no DM or CEvNS detection may be claimed because we cannot model all of our backgrounds. We thus exclude new regions in the parameter spaces for DM-nucleus scattering for DM masses $m_chi$ within $3-6,mathrm{GeV}/mathrm{c}^2$, DM-electron scattering for $m_chi > 30,mathrm{MeV}/mathrm{c}^2$, and absorption of dark photons and axion-like particles for $m_chi$ within $0.186 - 1 , mathrm{keV}/mathrm{c}^2$.
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