No Arabic abstract
We examine the effects of R-parity violating (RPV) supersymmetry on the two-photon B decays B -> X_s gamma gamma and B_s -> gamma gamma. We find that, although there are many one-loop RPV diagrams that can contribute to these two-photon B decays, the RPV effect is dominated by a single diagram. This diagram, named here lambda-irreducible, has a distinct topology which is irrelevant for the b -> s gamma amplitude at one-loop and has thus a negligible effect on the one-photon decay B -> X_s gamma. We show that the lambda-irreducible RPV diagram can give BR(B_s -> gamma gamma) ~ 5*10^(-6) and BR(B -> X_s gamma gamma) ~ 6*10^(-7), which is about 16 and 5 times larger than the SM values, respectively. Although the enhancement to the decay width of B -> X_s gamma gamma is not that dramatic, we find that the energy distribution of the two photons is appreciably different from the SM, due to new threshold effects caused by the distinct topology of the RPV lambda-irreducible diagram. Moreover, this diagram significantly changes the forward-backward asymmetry with respect to the softer photon in B -> X_s gamma gamma. Thus, the RPV effect in B -> X_s gamma gamma can be discerned using these observables.
Using the theoretical and experimental results on $B to X_s gamma$, a four-generation SM is analyzed to constrain the combination of the $4times 4$ Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa factor $V_{t^prime s}^* V_{t^prime b}$ as a function of the $t^prime$--quark mass. It is observed that the results for the above--mentioned physical quantities are essentially different from the previous predictions for certain solutions of the CKM factor. Influences of the new model is used to predict CP violation in $B to X_s gamma$ decay at the order of $A_{CP}=5%$, stemming from the appearance of complex phases of $V_{t^prime s}^* V_{t^prime b}$ and of Wilson coefficients $C_7$, $C_8$, in the related process. The above mentioned physical quantities can serve as efficient tools in search of the fourth generation.
Combining our results for various O(alpha_s^2) corrections to the weak radiative B-meson decay, we are able to present the first estimate of the branching ratio at the next-to-next-to-leading order in QCD. We find BR(B -> X_s gamma) = (3.15 +_ 0.23) x 10^-4 for E_gamma > 1.6 GeV in the B-meson rest frame. The four types of uncertainties: non-perturbative (5%), parametric (3%), higher-order (3%) and m_c-interpolation ambiguity (3%) have been added in quadrature to obtain the total error.
Though the predictions of the Standard Model (SM) are in excellent agreement with experiments there are still several theoretical problems associated with the Higgs sector of the SM, where it is widely believed that some ``{it new physics} will take over at the TeV scale. One beyond the SM theory which resolves these problems is the Little Higgs (LH) model. In this work we have investigated the effects of the LH model on $gggg$ scattering cite{Choudhury:2006xa}.
We present first calculations of new long-distance contributions to $B_s to gamma gamma$ decay due to intermediate $D_s$ and $D_s^*$ meson states. The relevant $gamma$ vertices are estimated using charge couplings and transition moment couplings. Within our uncertainties, we find that these long-distance contributions could be comparable to the known short-distance contributions. Since they have different Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix-element factors, there may be an interesting possibility of observing CP violation in this decay.
We present a measurement of {eta} meson production in photon-photon interactions produced by electron-positron beams colliding with sqrt{s}=1 GeV. The measurement is done with the KLOE detector at the phi-factory DA{Phi}NE with an integrated luminosity of 0.24 fb^{-1}. The e^+e^- --> e^+e^-{eta} cross section is measured without detecting the outgoing electron and positron, selecting the decays {eta}-->{pi}^+{pi}^-{pi}^0 and {eta}-->{pi}^0{pi}^0{pi}^0. The most relevant background is due to e^+e^- --> {eta}{gamma} when the monochromatic photon escapes detection. The cross section for this process is measured as {sigma}(e^+e^- -->{eta}{gamma}) = (856 pm 8_{stat} pm 16_{syst}) pb. The combined result for the e^+e^- -->e^+e^-{eta} cross section is {sigma}(e^+e^- -->e^+e^-{eta}) = (32.72 pm 1.27_{stat} pm 0.70_{syst}) pb. From this we derive the partial width {Gamma}({eta}-->{gamma}{gamma}) = (520 pm 20_{stat} pm 13_{syst}) eV. This is in agreement with the world average and is the most precise measurement to date.