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Register a new userProperties of Gluon and Quark Jets
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Authors
Klaus Hamacher
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Recent developments and results on the comparison of gluon to quark jets are discussed. A most important topic is the introduction of explicit energy scales of the jets. The scaling violation of the fragmentation function and the increase of the multiplicity with scale is shown to be directly proportional to the corresponding gluon or quark colour factor. The ratio of the hadron multiplicity in gluon to quark jets is understood to be smaller than the colour factor ratio due to differences in the fragmentation of the leading quark or gluon. Novel algorithms to reconstruct the colour portraits or the colour flow of an event are presented.
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We measure the subjet multiplicity M in jets reconstructed with a successive combination type of jet algorithm (kT). We select jets with 55<pT<100 GeV and |eta|<0.5. We compare similar samples of jets at sqrt(s)=1800 and 630 GeV. The HERWIG Monte Carlo simulation predicts that 59% of the jets are gluon jets at sqrt(s)=1800 GeV, and 33% at sqrt(s)=630 GeV. Using this information, we extract the subjet multiplicity in quark (Mq) and gluon (Mg) jets. We also measure the ratio R= (<Mg> -1)/(<Mq>-1)= 1.84 +- 0.15(stat) +0.22-0.18(sys).
The energy evolution of average multiplicities of quark and gluon jets is studied in perturbative QCD. Higher order (3NLO) terms in the perturbative expansion of equations for the generating functions are found. First and second derivatives of average multiplicities are calculated. The mean multiplicity of gluon jets is larger than that of quark jets and evolves more rapidly with energy. It is shown which quantities are most sensitive to higher order perturbative and nonperturbative corrections. We define the energy regions where the corrections to different quantities are important. The latest experimental data are discussed.
This is a summary of the latest results of the DELPHI Collaboration on the properties of identified quark and gluon jets. It covers the measurement of the fragmentation functions of gluons and quarks and their scaling violation behaviour as well as an analysis of the scale dependence of the multiplicities in gluon and quark jets. Further, a precision measurement of CA/CF from the multiplicities in symmetric three jet events is discussed.
We report a measurement of the fraction of top quark pair events produced via gluon-gluon fusion in $pbar{p}$ collisions at $sqrt{s} = 1.96 ~rm TeV$ in lepton+jets final states using the full RunII data set corresponding to $9.7 ~rm fb^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity collected by the DO experiment. We utilize a boosted decision tree to distinguish top quark pair events produced by $qbar{q}$ annihilation and $gg$ fusion. We perform a template fit to extract the $tbar{t}$ production fraction via $gg$ fusion and find $f_{gg} = 0.096 pm 0.039 ~(rm stat.) ~^{+0.077}_{-0.062} ~(rm syst.)$.
In this article we present a review of the structure of the proton and the current status of our knowledge of the parton distribution functions (PDFs). The lepton-nucleon scattering experiments which provide the main constraints in PDF extractions are introduced and their measurements are discussed. Particular emphasis is given to the HERA data which cover a wide kinematic region. Hadron-hadron scattering measurements which provide supplementary information are also discussed. The methods used by various groups to extract the PDFs in QCD analyses of hard scattering data are presented and their results are compared. The use of existing measurements allows predictions for cross sections at the LHC to be made. A comparison of these predictions for selected processes is given. First measurements from the LHC experiments are compared to predictions and some initial studies of the impact of this new data on the PDFs are presented.
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