No Arabic abstract
Geant4 is a tool kit developed by a collaboration of physicists and computer professionals in the High Energy Physics field for simulation of the passage of particles through matter. The motivation for the development of the Beam Tools is to extend the Geant4 applications to accelerator physics. Although there are many computer programs for beam physics simulations, Geant4 is ideal to model a beam going through material or a system with a beam line integrated to a complex detector. There are many examples in the current international High Energy Physics programs, such as studies related to a future Neutrino Factory, a Linear Collider, and a very Large Hadron Collider.
Particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) is a physical effect that is not yet adequately modelled in Geant4. The current status as in Geant4 9.2 release is reviewed and new developments are described. The capabilities of the software prototype are illustrated in application to the shielding of the X-ray detectors of the eROSITA telescope on the upcoming Spectrum-X-Gamma space mission.
The ELIMED (MEDical and multidisciplinary application at ELI Beamlines) beam line is being developed at INFN-LNS with the aim of transporting and selecting in energy proton and ion beams accelerated by laser-matter interaction at ELI Beamlines in Prague. It will be a section of the ELIMAIA (ELI Multidisciplinary Applications of laser-Ions Acceleration) beam line, dedicated to applications, including the medical one, of laser-accelerated ion beams [1,2]. A Monte Carlo model has been developed to support the design of the beam line in terms of particle transport efficiency, to optimize the transport parameters at the irradiation point in air and, furthermore, to predict beam parameters in order to deliver dose distributions of clinical relevance. The application has been developed using the Geant4 [3] Monte Carlo toolkit and has been designed in a modular way in order to easily switch on/off geometrical components according to different experimental setups and users requirements, as reported in [4], describing the early-stage code and simulations. The application has been delivered to ELI Beamlines and will be available for future ELIMAIAs users as ready-to-use tool useful during experiment preparation and analysis. The final version of the developed application will be described in detail in this contribution, together with the final results, in terms of energy spectra and transmission efficiency along the in-vacuum beam line, obtained by performing end-to-end simulations.
The high performance requirements at the European Spallation Source have been driving the technological advances on the neutron detector front. Now more than ever is it important to optimize the design of detectors and instruments, to fully exploit the ESS source brilliance. Most of the simulation tools the neutron scattering community has at their disposal target the instrument optimization until the sample position, with little focus on detectors. The ESS Detector Group has extended the capabilities of existing detector simulation tools to bridge this gap. An extensive software framework has been developed, enabling efficient and collaborative developments of required simulations and analyses -- based on the use of the Geant4 Monte Carlo toolkit, but with extended physics capabilities where relevant (like for Bragg diffraction of thermal neutrons in crystals). Furthermore, the MCPL (Monte Carlo Particle Lists) particle data exchange file format, currently supported for the primary Monte Carlo tools of the community (McStas, Geant4 and MCNP), facilitates the integration of detector simulations with existing simulations of instruments using these software packages. These means offer a powerful set of tools to tailor the detector and instrument design to the instrument application.
The scintillator-strip electromagnetic calorimeter (ScECAL) is one of the calorimeter technic for the ILC. To achieve the fine granularity from the strip-segmented layers the strips in odd layers are orthogonal with respect to those in the even layers. In order to extract the best performance from such detector concept, a special reconstruction method and simulation tools are being developed in ILD collaboration. This manuscript repots the status of developing of those tools.
Particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) is an important physical effect that is not yet adequately modelled in Geant4. This paper provides a critical analysis of the problem domain associated with PIXE simulation and describes a set of software develo