The surface width scaling of Eden A clusters grown from a single aggregate site on the square lattice is investigated as a function of the noise reduction parameter. A two-exponent scaling ansatz is introduced and used to fit the results from simulations covering the range from fully stochastic to the zero-noise limit.
We consider the asymptotic shape of clusters in the Eden model on a d-dimensional hypercubical lattice. We discuss two improvements for the well-known upper bound to the growth velocity in different directions by that of the independent branching process (IBP). In the IBP, each cell gives rise to a daughter cell at a neighboring site at a constant rate. In the first improvement, we do not allow such births along the bond connecting the cell to its mother cell. In the second, we iteratively evolve the system by a growth as IBP for a duration $Delta$ t, followed by culling process in which if any cell produced a descendant within this interval, who occupies the same site as the cell itself, then the descendant is removed. We study the improvement on the upper bound on the velocity for different dimensions d. The bounds are asymptotically exact in the large-d limit. But in $d =2$, the improvement over the IBP approximation is only a few percent.
For a general class of diffusion processes with multiplicative noise, describing a variety of physical as well as financial phenomena, mostly typical of complex systems, we obtain the analytical solution for the moments at all times. We allow for a non trivial time dependence of the microscopic dynamics and we analytically characterize the process evolution, possibly towards a stationary state, and the direct relationship existing between the drift and diffusion coefficients and the time scaling of the moments.
We show that smoothing of multiaffine surfaces that are generated by simulating a crosslinked polymer gel by a frustrated, triangular network of springs of random equilibrium lengths [G.M. Buend{i}a, S.J. Mitchell, P.A. Rikvold, Phys. Rev. E 66 (2002) 046119] changes the scaling behavior of the surfaces such that they become self-affine. The self-affine behavior is consistent with recent atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies of the surface structure of crosslinked polymer gels into which voids are introduced through templating by surfactant micelles [M. Chakrapani, S.J. Mitchell, D.H. Van Winkle, P.A. Rikvold, J. Colloid Interface Sci., in press]. The smoothing process mimics the effect of the AFM tip that tends to flatten the soft gel surfaces. Both the experimental and the simulated surfaces have a non-trivial scaling behavior on small length scales, with a crossover to scale-independent behavior on large scales.
We extend our 2+1 dimensional discrete growth model (PRE 79, 021125 (2009)) with conserved, local exchange dynamics of octahedra, describing surface diffusion. A roughening process was realized by uphill diffusion and curvature dependence. By mapping the slopes onto particles two-dimensional, nonequilibrium binary lattice model emerge, in which the (smoothing/roughening) surface diffusion can be described by attracting or repelling motion of oriented dimers. The binary representation allows simulations on very large size and time scales. We provide numerical evidence for Mullins-Herring or molecular beam epitaxy class scaling of the surface width. The competition of inverse Mullins-Herring diffusion with a smoothing deposition, which corresponds to a Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) process generates different patterns: dots or ripples. We analyze numerically the scaling and wavelength growth behavior in these models. In particular we confirm by large size simulations that the KPZ type of scaling is stable against the addition of this surface diffusion, hence this is the asymptotic behavior of the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation as conjectured by field theory in two dimensions, but has been debated numerically. If very strong, normal surface diffusion is added to a KPZ process we observe smooth surfaces with logarithmic growth, which can describe the mean-field behavior of the strong-coupling KPZ class. We show that ripple coarsening occurs if parallel surface currents are present, otherwise logarithmic behavior emerges.
We report the scaling behavior of the Earth and Venus over a wider range of length scales than reported by previous researchers. All landscapes (not only mountains) together follow a consistent scaling behavior, demonstrating a crossover between highly correlated (smooth) behavior at short length scales (with a scaling exponent $alpha$=1) and self-affine behavior at long length scales ($alpha$=0.4). The self-affine behavior at long scales is achieved on Earth above 10 km and on Venus above 50 km.