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Register a new userSmearing of the 2D Kohn anomaly in a nonquantizing magnetic field: Implications for the interaction effects
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Thermodynamic and transport characteristics of a clean two-dimensional interacting electron gas are shown to be sensitive to the weak perpendicular magnetic field even at temperatures much higher than the cyclotron energy, when the quantum oscillations are completely washed out. We demonstrate this sensitivity for two interaction-related characteristics: electron lifetime and the tunnel density of states. The origin of the sensitivity is traced to the field-induced smearing of the Kohn anomaly; this smearing is the result of curving of the semiclassical electron trajectories in magnetic field.
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We consider a clean two-dimensional interacting electron gas subject to a random perpendicular magnetic field, h({bf r}). The field is nonquantizing, in the sense, that {cal N}_h-a typical flux into the area lambda_{text{tiny F}}^2 in the units of the flux quantum (lambda_{text{tiny F}} is the de Broglie wavelength) is small, {cal N}_hll 1. If the spacial scale, xi, of change of h({bf r}) is much larger than lambda_{text{tiny F}}, the electrons move along semiclassical trajectories. We demonstrate that a weak field-induced curving of the trajectories affects the interaction-induced electron lifetime in a singular fashion: it gives rise to the correction to the lifetime with a very sharp energy dependence. The correction persists within the interval omega sim omega_0= E_{text{tiny F}}{cal N}_h^{2/3} much smaller than the Fermi energy, E_{text{tiny F}}. It emerges in the third order in the interaction strength; the underlying physics is that a small phase volume sim (omega/E_{text{tiny F}})^{1/2} for scattering processes, involving {em two} electron-hole pairs, is suppressed by curving. Even more surprising effect that we find is that {em disorder-averaged} interaction correction to the density of states, delta u(omega), exhibits {em oscillatory} behavior, periodic in bigl(omega/omega_0bigr)^{3/2}. In our calculations of interaction corrections random field is incorporated via the phases of the Green functions in the coordinate space. We discuss the relevance of the new low-energy scale for realizations of a smooth random field in composite fermions and in disordered phase of spin-fermion model of ferromagnetic quantum criticality.
A weak perpendicular magnetic field, $B$, breaks the chiral symmetry of each valley in the electron spectrum of graphene, preserving the overall chiral symmetry in the Brillouin zone. We explore the consequences of this symmetry breaking for the interaction effects in graphene. In particular, we demonstrate that the electron-electron interaction lifetime acquires an anomalous $B$-dependence. Also, the ballistic zero-bias anomaly, $delta u(omega)$, where $omega$ is the energy measured from the Fermi level, emerges at a weak $B$ and has the form $delta u(B)sim B^2/omega^2$. Temperature dependence of the magnetic-field corrections to the thermodynamic characteristics of graphene is also anomalous. We discuss experimental manifestations of the effects predicted. The microscopic origin of the $B$-field sensitivity is an extra phase acquired by the electron wave-function resulting from the chirality-induced pseudospin precession.
Tunnelling between two-dimensional electron systems has been studied in the magnetic field perpendicular to the systems planes. The satellite conductance peaks of the main resonance have been observed due to the electron tunnelling assisted by the elastic scattering on impurities in the barrier layer. These peaks are shown to shift to the higher voltage due to the Coulomb pseudogap in the intermediate fields. In the high magnetic fields the pseudogap shift is disappeared.
In neutral graphene, two prominent cusps known as Kohn anomalies are found in the phonon dispersion of the highest optical phonon at $q=Gamma$ (LO branch) and $q=K$ (TO branch), reflecting a significant electron-phonon coupling to undoped Dirac electrons. In this work, high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy is used to measure the phonon dispersion around the $Gamma$ point in quasi-freestanding graphene epitaxially grown on Pt(111). The Kohn anomaly for the LO phonon is observed at finite momentum $qsim2k_F$ from $Gamma$, with a shape in excellent agreement with the theory and consistent with known values of the EPC and the Fermi level. More strikingly, we also observe a Kohn anomaly at the same momentum for the out-of-plane optical phonon (ZO) branch. This observation is the first direct evidence of the coupling of the ZO mode with Dirac electrons, which is forbidden for freestanding graphene but becomes allowed in the presence of a substrate. Moreover, we estimate the EPC to be even greater than that of the LO mode, making graphene on Pt(111) an optimal system to explore the effects of this new coupling in the electronic properties.
Effects associated with the interference of electron waves around a magnetic point defect in two-dimensional electron gas with combined Rashba-Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction in the presence of a parallel magnetic field are theoretically investigated. The effect of a magnetic field on the anisotropic spatial distribution of the local density of states and the local density of magnetization is analyzed. The existence of oscillations of the density of magnetization with scattering by a non-magnetic defect and the contribution of magnetic scattering (accompanied by spin-flip) in the local density of electron states are predicted.
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