No Arabic abstract
Using the bosonization and level spectroscopy methods, we study the ground-state phase diagram of a XXZ antiferromagnet on a railroad-trestle lattice with asymmetric leg interactions. It is shown that the asymmetry does not change the dimer/Neel transition line significantly, which agrees with the expectation based on a naive bosonization procedure, but it does change the dimer/spin-fluid transition line. To understand this observation, we analyze eigenvectors of the ground state, dimer excitation, doublet excitation and Neel excitation, and find that only the doublet excitation is affected by the asymmetric interaction.
Using an approximation method for eigenvalue distribution functions, we study the temperature dependence of specific heat of the antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on the asymmetric railroad-trestle lattice. This model contains both the sawtooth-lattice and Majumdar-Ghosh models as special cases. Making extrapolations to the thermodynamic limit using finite size data up to 28 spins, it is found that specific heat of the Majumdar-Ghosh model has a two-peak structure in its temperature dependence and those of systems near the sawtooth-lattice point have a three-peak structure.
We study the ground state properties of the Hubbard model on a 4-leg cylinder with doped hole concentration per site $deltaleq 12.5%$ using density-matrix renormalization group. By keeping a large number of states for long system sizes, we find that the nature of the ground state is remarkably sensitive to the presence of next-nearest-neighbor hopping $t$. Without $t$ the ground state of the system corresponds with the insulating filled stripe phase with long-range charge-density-wave (CDW) order and short-range incommensurate spin correlations appears. However, for a small negative $t$ a phase characterized by coexisting algebraic d-wave superconducting (SC)- and algebraic CDW correlations. In addition, it shows short range spin- and fermion correlations consistent with a canonical Luther-Emery (LE) liquid, except that the charge- and spin periodicities are consistent with half-filled stripes instead of the $4 k_F$ and $2 k_F$ wavevectors generic for one dimensional chains. For a small positive $t$ yet another phase takes over showing similar SC and CDW correlations. However, the fermions are now characterized by a (near) infinite correlation length while the gapped spin system is characterized by simple staggered antiferromagnetic correlations. We will show that this is consistent with a LE formed from a weakly coupled (BCS like) d-wave superconductor on the ladder where the interactions have only the effect to stabilize a cuprate style magnetic resonance.
The competition between interactions and dissipative processes in a quantum many-body system can drive phase transitions of different order. Exploiting a combination of cluster methods and quantum trajectories, we show how the systematic inclusion of (classical and quantum) nonlocal correlations at increasing distances is crucial to determine the structure of the phase diagram, as well as the nature of the transitions in strongly interacting spin systems. In practice, we focus on the paradigmatic dissipative quantum Ising model: in contrast to the non-dissipative case, its phase diagram is still a matter of debate in the literature. When dissipation acts along the interaction direction, we predict important quantitative modifications of the position of the first-order transition boundary. In the case of incoherent relaxation in the field direction, our approach confirms the presence of a second-order transition, while does not support the possible existence of multicritical points. Potentially, these results can be tested in up-to date quantum simulators of Rydberg atoms.
We investigate the existence of several (anti-)ferromagnetic phases in the diluted ferromagnetic Kondo-lattice model, i.e. ferromagnetic coupling of local moment and electron spin. To do this we use a coherent potential approximation (CPA) with a dynamical alloy analogy. For the CPA we need effective potentials, which we get first from a mean-field approximation. To improve this treatment we use in the next step a more appropriate moment conserving decoupling approach and compare both methods. The different magnetic phases are modelled by defining two magnetic sublattices. As a result we present zero-temperature phase diagrams according to the important model parameters and different dilutions.
The magnetic ground state phase diagram of the ferromagnetic Kondo-lattice model is constructed by calculating internal energies of all possible bipartite magnetic configurations of the simple cubic lattice explicitly. This is done in one dimension (1D), 2D and 3D for a local moment of S = 3/2. By assuming saturation in the local moment system we are able to treat all appearing higher local correlation functions within an equation of motion approach exactly. A simple explanation for the obtained phase diagram in terms of bandwidth reduction is given. Regions of phase separation are determined from the internal energy curves by an explicit Maxwell construction.