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Register a new userSpacing distributions for rhombus billiards
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We show that the spacing distributions of rational rhombus billiards fall in a family of universality classes distinctly different from the Wigner-Dyson family of random matrix theory and the Poisson distribution. Some of the distributions find explanation in a recent work of Bogomolny, Gerland and Schmit. For the irrational billiards, despite ergodicity, we get the same distributions for the examples considered - once again, distinct from the Wigner-Dyson distributions. All results are obtained numerically by a method that allows us to reach very high energies.
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A crucial result in quantum chaos, which has been established for a long time, is that the spectral properties of classically integrable systems generically are described by Poisson statistics whereas those of time-reversal symmetric, classically chaotic systems coincide with those of random matrices from the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble (GOE). Does this result hold for two-dimensional Dirac material systems? To address this fundamen- tal question, we investigate the spectral properties in a representative class of graphene billiards with shapes of classically integrable circular-sector billiards. Naively one may expect to observe Poisson statistics, which is indeed true for energies close to the band edges where the quasiparticle obeys the Schrodinger equation. However, for energies near the Dirac point, where the quasiparticles behave like massless Dirac fermions, Pois- son statistics is extremely rare in the sense that it emerges only under quite strict symmetry constraints on the straight boundary parts of the sector. An arbitrarily small amount of imperfection of the boundary results in GOE statistics. This implies that, for circular sector confinements with arbitrary angle, the spectral properties will generically be GOE. These results are corroborated by extensive numerical computation. Furthermore, we provide a physical understanding for our results.
The structure of the semiclassical trace formula can be used to construct a quasi-classical evolution operator whose spectrum has a one-to-one correspondence with the semiclassical quantum spectrum. We illustrate this for marginally unstable integrable and non-integrable billiards and demonstrate its utility by quantizing them using arbitrary non-periodic trajectories.
In this paper, we examine the level spacing distribution $P(S)$ of the rectangular billiard with a single point-like scatterer, which is known as pseudointegrable. It is shown that the observed $P(S)$ is a new type, which is quite different from the previous conclusion. Even in the strong coupling limit, the Poisson-like behavior rather than Wigner-like is seen for $S>1$, although the level repulsion still remains in the small $S$ region. The difference from the previous works is analyzed in detail.
The dynamics of a beam held on a horizontal frame by springs and bouncing off a step is described by a separable two degrees of freedom Hamiltonian system with impacts that respect, point wise, the separability symmetry. The energy in each degree of freedom is preserved, and the motion along each level set is conjugated, via action angle coordinates, to a geodesic flow on a flat two-dimensional surface in the four dimensional phase space. Yet, for a range of energies, these surfaces are not the simple Liouville-Arnold tori - these are tori of genus two, thus the motion on them is not conjugated to simple rotations. Namely, even though energy is not transferred between the two degrees of freedom, the impact system is quasi-integrable and is not of the Liouville-Arnold type. In fact, for each level set in this range, the motion is conjugated to the well studied and highly non-trivial dynamics of directional motion in L-shaped billiards, where the billiard area and shape as well as the direction of motion vary continuously on iso-energetic level sets. Return maps to Poincare section of the flow are shown to be conjugated, on each level set, to interval exchange maps which are computed, up to quadratures, in the general nonlinear case and explicitly for the case of two linear oscillators bouncing off a step. It is established that for any such oscillator-step system there exist step locations for which some of the level sets exhibit motion which is neither periodic nor ergodic. Changing the impact surface by introducing additional steps, staircases, strips and blocks from which the particle is reflected, leads to iso-energy surfaces that are foliated by families of genus-k level set surfaces, where the number and order of families of genus k depend on the energy.
Recently it was suggested that certain perturbations of integrable spin chains lead to a weak breaking of integrability in the sense that integrability is preserved at the first order in the coupling. Here we examine this claim using level spacing distribution. We find that the volume dependent crossover between integrable and chaotic level spacing statistics which marks the onset of quantum chaotic behaviour, is markedly different for weak vs. strong breaking of integrability. In particular, for the gapless case we find that the crossover coupling as a function of the volume $L$ scales with a $1/L^2$ law for weak breaking as opposed to the $1/L^3$ law previously found for the strong case.
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