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Register a new userK-band imaging of 52 B3-VLA quasars: Nucleus and host properties
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We present K-band imaging and photometry of a sample of 52 radio loud quasars (RQs) selected from the B3 survey with flux densities above 0.5 Jy at 408 MHz. The optical completeness of the sample is 90% and the quasars cover the redshift range 0.4 - 2.3. For ~57% of the sources for which the quality of the images allowed a detailed morphological study (16/28) resolved extended emission was detected around the QSO, and its K flux was measured. Interpreting this ``fuzz as starlight emission from the host galaxy, its location on the K-z plane at z<1 is consistent with radio quasars being hosted by galaxies similar to radio galaxies (RGs) or giant ellipticals (gEs). At higher redshifts the detected host galaxies of RQs are more luminous than typical RGs and gEs, although some weak detections or upper limits are consistent with a similar fraction of RQs being hosted by galaxies with the expected luminosities for RGs or gEs. We found a significant correlation between radio power and nuclear infrared luminosity indicating a direct link between the radio synchrotron emission and the nuclear emission in K. This correlation is more tight for the steep-spectrum sources (99.97% significance). In addition, a trend is found between radio power and infrared luminosity of the host galaxy (or mass), in the sense that the most powerful quasars inhabit the most luminous galaxies.
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We present K-band imaging of fields around 30 strong CaII absorption line systems, at 0.7<z<1.1, three of which are confirmed Damped Lyman-alpha systems. A significant excess of galaxies is found within 60 (~50kpc) from the absorber line-of-sight. The excess galaxies are preferentially luminous compared to the population of field galaxies. A model in which field galaxies possess a luminosity-dependent cross-section for CaII absorption of the form (L/L*)^0.7 reproduces the observations well. The luminosity-dependent cross-section for the CaII absorbers appears to be significantly stronger than the established (L/L*)^0.4 dependence for MgII absorbers. The associated galaxies lie at large physical distances from the CaII-absorbing gas; we find a mean impact parameter of 24kpc (H0=70kmsMpc). Combined with the observed number density of CaII absorbers the large physical separations result in an inferred filling factor of only ~10 per cent. The physical origin of the strong CaII absorption remains unclear, possible explanations vary from very extended disks of the luminous galaxies to associated dwarf galaxy neighbours, remnants of outflows from the luminous galaxies, or tidal debris from cannibalism of smaller galaxies.
We present new polarisation observations at 13 cm, acquired using the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT), of 65 sources, from the B3-VLA sample of Compact Steep-Spectrum sources. These new data are combined with our VLA polarisation data, at 3.6, 6 and, 21 cm, presented in a previous paper. Due to the multi-channel frequency capabilities of the WSRT, these new 13 cm observations enable a more reliable determination of integrated Rotation Measures, and of depolarisation behaviour with wavelength. The new data are inconsistent with the depolarisation models that we used earlier, and we propose an alternative model which seems to work properly. We also revise our previous model for the external Faraday screen, and its dependence on the source redshift.
UBVR photometry of a sample of B3-VLA radio quasars, about 80 per cent complete, is used to analyse their spectral energy distribution (SED). The SEDs are generally well fitted with power-laws, with an average slope alpha=-0.39 (S_nu propto nu^alpha). Two quasars appear clearly differenciated, exhibiting redder colours that the rest, and they have redshifts z=0.50 and 1.12. Broad-band composite SEDs in the range 1300-4500 AA were obtained from the remaining quasars and they show the CIV1549 line and a break at around 3000 A, where the SED changes from alpha_blue=0.11+-0.16 at lambda>3000 A to alpha_UV=-0.66+-0.15 at lambda<3000 A. The continuum shape depends on redshift. For the quasars with z<1.2 we find alpha_blue=0.21+-0.16 and alpha_UV=-0.87+-0.20, and for z>1.2 alpha_UV is more flat, -0.48+-0.12. A similar trend is found between alpha_UV and luminosity at 2400 A, L_2400, with luminous quasars exhibiting a bluer spectrum. In addition, an intrinsic correlation is found between L_2400 and radio power at 408 MHz. The correlations alpha_UV-z, alpha_UV-L_2400 and L_2400-z are consistent with accretion disc models with approximately constant black hole mass and accretion rates increasing with redshift. If the trends L_2400-z and P_408-z are predominantly related to the radio-flux limits of the sample, only one of the correlations alpha_UV-L_2400 or alpha_UV-z needs to be intrinsic.
Changing-look quasars are a newly-discovered class of luminous active galactic nuclei that undergo rapid ($lesssim$10 year) transitions between Type 1 and Type 1.9/2, with an associated change in their continuum emission. We characterize the host galaxies of four faded changing-look quasars using broadband optical imaging. We use textit{gri} images obtained with the Gemini Multi Object Spectrograph (GMOS) on Gemini North to characterize the surface brightness profiles of the quasar hosts and search for [O III] $lambda4959,lambda5007$ emission from spatially extended regions, or voorwerpjes, with the goal of using them to examine past luminosity history. Although we do not detect, voorwerpjes surrounding the four quasar host galaxies, we take advantage of the dim nuclear emission to characterize the colors and morphologies of the host galaxies. Three of the four galaxies show morphological evidence of merger activity or tidal features in their residuals. The three galaxies which are not highly distorted are fit with a single Sersic profile to characterize their overall surface brightness profiles. The single-Sersic fits give intermediate Sersic indices between the $n=1$ of disk galaxies and the $n=4$ of ellipticals. On a color-magnitude diagram, our changing-look quasar host galaxies reside in the blue cloud, with other AGN host galaxies and star-forming galaxies. On a color-Sersic index diagram the changing-look quasar hosts reside with other AGN hosts in the green valley. Our analysis suggests that the hosts of changing-look quasars are predominantly disrupted or merging galaxies that resemble AGN hosts, rather than inactive galaxies.
We present stellar velocity dispersion measurements in the host galaxies of 10 luminous quasars (M_V < -23) using the Ca H&K lines in off-nuclear spectra. We combine these data with effective radii and magnitudes from the literature to place the host galaxies on the Fundamental Plane (FP) where their properties are compared to other types of galaxies. We find that the radio-loud (RL) QSO hosts have similar properties to massive elliptical galaxies, while the radio-quiet (RQ) hosts are more similar to intermediate mass galaxies. The RL hosts lie at the upper extreme of the FP due to their large velocity dispersions (<sigma_*> = 321 km s^-1), low surface brightness (<mu_e(r)> = 20.8 mag arcsec^-2), and large effective radii (<R_e> = 11.4 kpc), and have <M_*> = 1.5 x 10^12 M_sun and <M/L> = 12.4. In contrast, properties of the RQ hosts are <sigma_*> = 241 km s^-1, <M_*> ~ 4.4 x 10^11 M_sun, and <M/L> ~ 5.3. The distinction between these galaxies occurs at sigma_* ~ 300 km s^-1, R_e ~ 6 kpc, and corresponding M_* ~ 5.9 +/- 3.5 x 10^11 M_sun. Our data support previous results that PG QSOs are related to gas-rich galaxy mergers that form intermediate-mass galaxies, while RL QSOs reside in massive early-type galaxies, most of which also show signs of recent mergers or interactions. Most previous work has drawn these conclusions by using estimates of the black hole mass and inferring host galaxy properties from that, while here we have relied purely on directly measured host galaxy properties.
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