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We present a novel design of a FerroElectric Fast Reactive Tuner (FE-FRT) capable of modulating Mega VAR reactive power on a sub-microsecond time scale. We show detailed analytical estimates of the performance of this device and benchmark these estimates against finite element method eigenmode and frequency domain electromagnetic simulations.
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Peking University is developing a 1.3 GHz superconducting accelerating section for China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP) high power THz free-electron laser. A compact fast/slow tuner has developed by Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) for the accelerating section, to control Lorentz detuning, beam loading effect, compensate for microphonics and liquid Helium pressure fluctuations. The tuner design, warm test and cold test of the first prototype are presented.
Tests were performed to pass a 100 MeV, 430 kWatt c.w. electron beam from the energy-recovery linac at the Jefferson Laboratorys FEL facility through a set of small apertures in a 127 mm long aluminum block. Beam transmission losses of 3 p.p.m. through a 2 mm diameter aperture were maintained during a 7 hour continuous run.
This paper considers how the finite dimensions of a photonic crystal placed inside a resonator or waveguide affect the law of electron beam instability. The dispersion equations describing e-beam instability in the finite photonic crystal placed inside the resonator or waveguide (a bounded photonic crystal) are obtained. Two cases are considered: the conventionally considered case, when diffraction is suppressed, and the case of direct and diffracted waves having almost equal amplitudes. The instability law is shown to be responsible for increase of increment of instability and decrease of length, at which instability develops, for the case when amplitude of diffracted wave is comparable with that of direct one, that happens in the vicinity of $pi$-point of dispersion curve. Application of photonic crystals for development of THz sources at electron beam current densities available at modern accelerators is discussed.
The FLASHForward experimental facility is a high-performance test-bed for precision plasma-wakefield research, aiming to accelerate high-quality electron beams to GeV-levels in a few centimetres of ionised gas. The plasma is created by ionising gas in a gas cell either by a high-voltage discharge or a high-intensity laser pulse. The electrons to be accelerated will either be injected internally from the plasma background or externally from the FLASH superconducting RF front end. In both cases the wakefield will be driven by electron beams provided by the FLASH gun and linac modules operating with a 10 Hz macro-pulse structure, generating 1.25 GeV, 1 nC electron bunches at up to 3 MHz micro-pulse repetition rates. At full capacity, this FLASH bunch-train structure corresponds to 30 kW of average power, orders of magnitude higher than drivers available to other state-of-the-art LWFA and PWFA experiments. This high-power functionality means FLASHForward is the only plasma-wakefield facility in the world with the immediate capability to develop, explore, and benchmark high-average-power plasma-wakefield research essential for next-generation facilities. The operational parameters and technical highlights of the experiment are discussed, as well as the scientific goals and high-average-power outlook.
We show the feasibility of generating X-ray pulses in the 4 to 8 keV fundamental photon energy range with 0.65 TW peak power, 15 fs pulse duration, $9times10^{-5}$ bandwidth, using the LCLS-II copper linac and hard X-ray (HXR) undulator. Third harmonic pulses with 8-12 GW peak power and narrow bandwidth are also generated. High power and small bandwidth X-rays are obtained using two electron bunches separated by about 1 ns, one to generate a high power seed signal, the other to amplify it by tapering the magnetic field of the HXR undulator. The bunch delay is compensated by delaying the seed pulse with a four crystals monochromator. The high power seed leads to higher output power and better spectral properties, with $>$94% of the X-ray power being within the near transform limited bandwidth. We discuss some of the experiments made possible by X-ray pulses with these characteristics, like single particle imaging and high field physics.
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