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Register a new userProton decays from $alpha$-unbound states in $^{22}$Mg and the $^{18}$Ne($alpha, p_{0}$)$^{21}$Na cross section
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This paper examines the $^{18}$Ne($alpha, p_{0}$)$^{21}$Na cross-section relevant in X-ray bursts. The study was performed with the K600 magnetic spectrometer in coincidence with the CAKE, a silicon detector array, at iThemba LABS in Cape Town, South Africa. A 100-MeV proton beam was impinged on a $^{24}$Mg target to study the $^{24}$Mg($p,t$)$^{22}$Mg reaction. The triton ejectiles were momentum-analysed with the magnetic spectrometer and proton decays from the $^{22}$Mg recoil nucleus to the ground state of $^{21}$Na and various excited states thereof were detected with the CAKE. In doing so, we were able to compare our results to previous direct and indirect measurements of the $^{18}$Ne($alpha, p$)$^{21}$Na reaction.
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The competing $^{22}$Ne($alpha,gamma$)$^{26}$Mg and $^{22}$Ne($alpha,n$)$^{25}$Mg reactions control the production of neutrons for the weak $s$-process in massive and AGB stars. In both systems, the ratio between the corresponding reaction rates strongly impacts the total neutron budget and strongly influences the final nucleosynthesis. The $^{22}$Ne($alpha,gamma$)$^{26}$Mg and $^{22}$Ne($alpha,n$)$^{25}$Mg reaction rates was re-evaluated by using newly available information on $^{26}$Mg given by various recent experimental studies. Evaluations of The evaluated $^{22}$Ne($alpha,gamma$)$^{26}$Mg reaction rate remains substantially similar to that of Longland {it et al.} but, including recent results from Texas A&M, the $^{22}$Ne($alpha,n$)$^{25}$Mg reaction rate is lower at a range of astrophysically important temperatures. Stellar models computed with NEWTON and MESA predict decreased production of the weak branch $s$-process due to the decreased efficiency of $^{22}$Ne as a neutron source. Using the new reaction rates in the MESA model results in $^{96}$Zr/$^{94}$Zr and $^{135}$Ba/$^{136}$Ba ratios in much better agreement with the measured ratios from presolar SiC grains.
The $^{22}$Ne($alpha$,$gamma$)$^{26}$Mg and $^{22}$Ne($alpha$,n)$^{25}$Mg reactions play an important role in astrophysics because they have significant influence on the neutron flux during the weak branch of the s-process. We constrain the astrophysical rates for these reactions by measuring partial $alpha$-widths of resonances in $^{26}$Mg located in the Gamow window for the $^{22}$Ne+$alpha$ capture. These resonances were populated using $^{22}$Ne($^6$Li,d)$^{26}$Mg and $^{22}$Ne($^7$Li,t)$^{26}$Mg reactions at energies near the Coulomb barrier. At these low energies $alpha$-transfer reactions favor population of low spin states and the extracted partial $alpha$-widths for the observed resonances exhibit only minor dependence on the model parameters. The astrophysical rates for both the $^{22}$Ne($alpha$,$gamma$)$^{26}$Mg and the $^{22}$Ne($alpha$,n)$^{25}$Mg reactions are shown to be significantly different than the previously suggested values.
The $^{24}$Mg($p$, $alpha$)$^{21}$Na reaction was measured at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in order to better constrain spins and parities of energy levels in $^{21}$Na for the astrophysically important $^{17}$F($alpha, p$)$^{20}$Ne reaction rate calculation. 31 MeV proton beams from the 25-MV tandem accelerator and enriched $^{24}$Mg solid targets were used. Recoiling $^{4}$He particles from the $^{24}$Mg($p$, $alpha$)$^{21}$Na reaction were detected by a highly segmented silicon detector array which measured the yields of $^{4}$He particles over a range of angles simultaneously. A new level at 6661 $pm$ 5 keV was observed in the present work. The extracted angular distributions for the first four levels of $^{21}$Na and Distorted Wave Born Approximation (DWBA) calculations were compared to verify and extract angular momentum transfer.
The $^{18}$Ne($alpha,p$)$^{21}$Na reaction plays a significant role in Type-I X-ray bursts. It is a major path in the breakout from the hot-CNO cycles to the synthesis of heavier elements in the $alpha p$-- and $rp$-processes. An experiment to determine the cross section of this reaction was performed with the ANASEN active-target detector system, determining the cross section at energies between 2.5 and 4 MeV in the center-of-mass frame. The measured cross sections for reactions populating the ground state in $^{21}$Na are consistent with results obtained from the time-inverse reaction, but significantly lower than the previously published experimental data of direct measurements. The total cross sections are also compared with those derived from indirect methods and statistical-model calculations. This experiment establishes a new experimental data set on the excitation function of the $^{18}$Ne($alpha,p$)$^{21}$Na reaction, revealing the significance of the excited states contributions to the total reaction cross section and allowing to separate the contribution of the $(alpha,2p)$ reaction. The impact of the measured cross section on thermal reaction rates is discussed.
The current status of the reaction rate of $^{22}$Ne($alpha$,n)$^{25}$Mg is summarized. Among the latest new results, probably the most relevant is the conclusion that the E$_x$=11.15 MeV state in $^{26}$Mg has a non-natural parity, so it does not contribute to the rates of the $alpha$ + $^{22}$Ne reactions. However, it may be possible that other neighboring states contribute to the neutron yield at stellar temperatures. Here we make an account of some of the experimental work in the literature that is relevant to this state. Indeed, it would have been possible to avoid the controversy regarding this state before it even started.
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