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Register a new userIBM-HBCU Quantum Center: A model for industry-academic partnerships to advance the creation of a diverse, quantum aware workforce
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The IBM-HBCU Quantum Center is a first-of-a-kind collaboration between IBM and a consortium of Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) that seeks to address the lack of Black representation and build a diverse and aware workforce in quantum information science and engineering (QISE). Key pillars of the Center are focused on 1) building community and fostering a sense of belonging, 2) strengthening relationships internally and with the broader quantum community, and 3) providing funding to support undergraduate, graduate, and faculty research at HBCUs. As a part of the program, students and faculty are invited to participate in grant development workshops, a QISE invited speaker series, community hack-a-thons, and other opportunities to build competencies in the growing field of QISE. Since its launch, the IBM-HBCU Quantum Center has engaged a community of over 400 students, faculty, and researchers and will continue to establish a research presence in QISE and increase opportunities for research and workforce development.
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Interest in building dedicated Quantum Information Science and Engineering (QISE) education programs has greatly expanded in recent years. These programs are inherently convergent, complex, often resource intensive and likely require collaboration with a broad variety of stakeholders. In order to address this combination of challenges, we have captured ideas from many members in the community. This manuscript not only addresses policy makers and funding agencies (both public and private and from the regional to the international level) but also contains needs identified by industry leaders and discusses the difficulties inherent in creating an inclusive QISE curriculum. We report on the status of eighteen post-secondary education programs in QISE and provide guidance for building new programs. Lastly, we encourage the development of a comprehensive strategic plan for quantum education and workforce development as a means to make the most of the ongoing substantial investments being made in QISE.
Quantum information science and technology (QIST) has progressed significantly in the last decade, such that it is no longer solely in the domain of research labs, but is now beginning to be developed for, and applied in, industrial applications and products. With the emergence of this new quantum industry, a new workforce trained in QIST skills and knowledge is needed. To help support education and training of this workforce, universities and colleges require knowledge of the type of jobs available for their students and what skills and degrees are most relevant for those new jobs. Additionally, students need to know how to tailor their degrees to best align with the current needs of the quantum industry. We report on the results from a survey of 57 companies in the quantum industry, with the goal of elucidating the jobs, skills, and degrees that are relevant for this new workforce. We find a range of job opportunities from highly specific jobs, such as quantum algorithm developer and error correction scientist, to broader jobs categories within the business, software, and hardware sectors. These broader jobs require a range of skills, most of which are not quantum related. Further, except for the highly specific jobs, companies that responded to the survey are looking for a range of degree levels to fill these new positions, from bachelors to masters to PhDs. With this knowledge, students, instructors, and university administrators can make informed decisions about how to address the challenge of increasing the future quantum workforce.
The exciting possibilities in the field of new quantum technologies extend far beyond the well-reported application of quantum computing. Precision timing, gravity sensors and imagers, cryptography, navigation, metrology, energy harvesting and recovery, biomedical sensors and imagers, and real-time optimisers all indicate the potential for quantum technologies to provide the basis of a technological revolution. From the field of Systems Engineering emerges a focused strategy for the development cycle, enabling the existence of hugely complex products. It is through the adoption of systems thinking that the semiconductor industry has achieved massive industrial and economic impact. Quantum technologies rely on delicate, non-local and/or entangled degrees of freedom - leading to great potential, but also posing new challenges to the development of products and industries. We discuss some of the challenges and opportunities regarding the implementation of Systems Engineering and systems thinking into the quantum technologies space.
The authors use an action research (AR) approach in a collegiate studio physics class to investigate the power of partnerships via conferences as they relate to issues of establishing a student/mentor rapport, empowering students to reduce inequity, and the successes and barriers to hearing students voices. The graduate teaching assistant (TA, Author 1) conducted one-on-one conferences with 29 students, elicited student opinions about the progress of the course, and talked with faculty, TAs, and an undergraduate supplemental instructor for other sections of the course. At the end of the semester, the students reported increased knowledge of the TA as a person and as an instructor, and vice versa. Sixty-five percent of students reported no interest in changing circumstances to make it easier to talk about personal concerns with the TA. College students reluctantly voiced their opinions about the course, possibly due to the power structure of the classroom. Other TAs in the department expressed mostly disinterest in the project, while faculty members were interested in student learning but skeptical of student empowerment. A case study of one student is presented, wherein his attendance improved in the course and he received additional help outside class, both possibly as a result of the student/TA conferences. Students in this studio physics section were more likely to interact directly with faculty or TAs during lectures, but less likely to do so during lab sessions, than were students in a non-studio physics section.
Quantum communication relies on the existence of entanglement between two nodes of a network. Since, entanglement can only be produced using local quantum operations, distribution of parts of this entangled system between different nodes becomes necessary. However, due to the extremely fragile nature of entanglement and the presence of losses in the communication channel, the direct distribution of entanglement over large distances is nearly impossible. Quantum repeaters have been proposed to solve this problem. These enable one to establish long-range entanglement by dividing the link into smaller parts, creating entanglement between each part and connecting them up to form the full link. As researchers race to establish entanglement over larger and larger distances, it becomes essential to gauge the performance and robustness of the different protocols that go into designing a quantum repeater, before deploying them in real life. Present day noisy quantum computers are ideal for this task as they can emulate the noisy environment in a quantum communication channel and provide a benchmark for how the protocols will perform on real-life hardware. In this paper, we report the circuit-level implementation of the complete architecture of a Quantum Repeater. All the protocols of the repeater have been bench-marked on IBM Q, the worlds first publicly available cloud quantum computer. The results of our experiment provide a measure for the fidelity of entanglement current repeaters can establish. In addition, the repeater protocol provides a robust benchmark for the current state-of-the-art of quantum computing hardware.
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