No Arabic abstract
We study fractional parabolic equations with indefinite nonlinearities $$ frac{partial u} {partial t}(x,t) +(-Delta)^s u(x,t)= x_1 u^p(x, t),,, (x, t) in mathbb{R}^n times mathbb{R}, $$ where $0<s<1$ and $1<p<infty$. We first prove that all positive bounded solutions are monotone increasing along the $x_1$ direction. Based on this we derive a contradiction and hence obtain non-existence of solutions. These monotonicity and nonexistence results are crucial tools in a priori estimates and complete blow-up for fractional parabolic equations in bounded domains. To this end, we introduce several new ideas and developed a systematic approach which may also be applied to investigate qualitative properties of solutions for many other fractional parabolic problems.
We are concerned with nonexistence results for a class of quasilinear parabolic differential problems with a potential in $Omegatimes(0,+infty)$, where $Omega$ is a bounded domain. In particular, we investigate how the behavior of the potential near the boundary of the domain and the power nonlinearity affect the nonexistence of solutions. Particular attention is devoted to the special case of the semilinear parabolic problem, for which we show that the critical rate of growth of the potential near the boundary ensuring nonexistence is sharp.
We prove uniqueness for weak solutions to abstract parabolic equations with the fractional Marchaud or Caputo time derivative. We consider weak solutions in time for divergence form equations when the fractional derivative is transferred to the test function.
In this paper, we establish several Liouville type theorems for entire solutions to fractional parabolic equations. We first obtain the key ingredients needed in the proof of Liouville theorems, such as narrow region principles and maximum principles for antisymmetric functions in unbounded domains, in which we remarkably weaken the usual decay condition $u to 0$ at infinity with respect to the spacial variables to a polynomial growth on $u$ by constructing auxiliary functions.Then we derive monotonicity for the solutions in a half space $mathbb{R}_+^n times mathbb{R}$ and obtain some new connections between the nonexistence of solutions in a half space $mathbb{R}_+^n times mathbb{R}$ and in the whole space $mathbb{R}^{n-1} times mathbb{R}$ and therefore prove the corresponding Liouville type theorems. To overcome the difficulty caused by the non-locality of the fractional Laplacian, we introduce several new ideas which will become useful tools in investigating qualitative properties of solutions for a variety of non-local parabolic problems.
We consider time fractional parabolic equations in both divergence and non-divergence form when the leading coefficients $a^{ij}$ are measurable functions of $(t,x_1)$ except for $a^{11}$ which is a measurable function of either $t$ or $x_1$. We obtain the solvability in Sobolev spaces of the equations in the whole space, on a half space, or on a partially bounded domain. The proofs use a level set argument, a scaling argument, and embeddings in fractional parabolic Sobolev spaces for which we give a direct and elementary proof.
We bound the difference between solutions $u$ and $v$ of $u_t = aDelta u+Div_x f+h$ and $v_t = bDelta v+Div_x g+k$ with initial data $phi$ and $ psi$, respectively, by $Vert u(t,cdot)-v(t,cdot)Vert_{L^p(E)}le A_E(t)Vert phi-psiVert_{L^infty(R^n)}^{2rho_p}+ B(t)(Vert a-bVert_{infty}+ Vert abla_xcdot f- abla_xcdot gVert_{infty}+ Vert f_u-g_uVert_{infty} + Vert h-kVert_{infty})^{rho_p} abs{E}^{eta_p}$. Here all functions $a$, $f$, and $h$ are smooth and bounded, and may depend on $u$, $xinR^n$, and $t$. The functions $a$ and $h$ may in addition depend on $ abla u$. Identical assumptions hold for the functions that determine the solutions $v$. Furthermore, $EsubsetR^n$ is assumed to be a bounded set, and $rho_p$ and $eta_p$ are fractions that depend on $n$ and $p$. The diffusion coefficients $a$ and $b$ are assumed to be strictly positive and the initial data are smooth.