David Mumford made groundbreaking contributions in many fields, including the pure mathematics of algebraic geometry and the applied mathematics of machine learning and artificial intelligence. His work in both fields influenced my career at several key moments.
We translate Erland Samuel Brings treatise Meletemata quaedam Mathematica circa Transformationem Aequationum Alebraicarum (Some selected mathematics on the Transformation of Algebraic Equations) written as his Promotionschrift at the University of Lund in 1786, from its Latin into English, with modern mathematical notation. Bring (1736 - 98) made important contributions to algebraic equations and obtained the canonical form x^5+px+q = 0 for quintics before Jerrard, Ruffini and Abel. In due course, he realized the significance of the projective curve which now bears his name: the complete intersection of the homogeneous Fermat polynomials of degrees 1,2,3 in CP^4.
These notes stem from lectures given by the first author (JM) at the 2008 Moonshine Conference in Kashiwa and contain a number of new perspectives and observations on Monstrous Moonshine. Because many new points have not appeared anywhere in print, it is thought expedient to update, annotate and clarify them (as footnotes), an editorial task which the second author (YHH) is more than delighted to undertake. We hope the various puzzles and correspondences, delivered in a personal and casual manner, will serve as
These are notes of a talk to the International Conference on Algebra in honor of A. I. Maltsev, Novosibirsk, USSR, 1989 (to appear in Contemporary Mathematics). The concept of a divisor with complex coefficients on an algebraic curve is introduced. We consider families of complex divisors, or, equivalently, families of invertible sheaves and define Arakelov-type metrics on some invertible sheaves produced from them on the base. We apply this technique to obtain a formula for the measure on the moduli space that gives tachyon correlators in string theory.
The latest techniques from Neural Networks and Support Vector Machines (SVM) are used to investigate geometric properties of Complete Intersection Calabi-Yau (CICY) threefolds, a class of manifolds that facilitate string model building. An advanced neural network classifier and SVM are employed to (1) learn Hodge numbers and report a remarkable improvement over previous efforts, (2) query for favourability, and (3) predict discrete symmetries, a highly imbalanced problem to which both Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) and permutations of the CICY matrix are used to decrease the class imbalance and improve performance. In each case study, we employ a genetic algorithm to optimise the hyperparameters of the neural network. We demonstrate that our approach provides quick diagnostic tools capable of shortlisting quasi-realistic string models based on compactification over smooth CICYs and further supports the paradigm that classes of problems in algebraic geometry can be machine learned.
This is an English translation of Felix Kleins classical paper Uber die Auflosung der allgemeinen Gleichungen funften und sechsten Grades (Auszug aus einem Schreiben an Herrn K. Hensel) from 1905 and is put in modern notation. The original work first appeared in the Journal for Pure and Applied Mathematics (Volume 129) and then was reprinted in Mathematische Annalen (Volume 61, Issue 1). Kleins work (including his Lectures on the Icosahedron and the Solution of Equations of Fifth Degree) lies at the heart of the 19th and 20th work on solving generic polynomials. In this paper, Klein summarizes his approach to solving the generic quintic and sextic polynomials. He also lays the foundation for the modern framework of resolvent degree.