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Register a new userAction of Virasoro operators on Hall-Littlewood polynomials
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In this paper, we prove formulas for the action of Virasoro operators on Hall-Littlewood polynomials at roots of unity.
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We introduce a family of rings of symmetric functions depending on an infinite sequence of parameters. A distinguished basis of such a ring is comprised by analogues of the Schur functions. The corresponding structure coefficients are polynomials in
the parameters which we call the Littlewood-Richardson polynomials. We give a combinatorial rule for their calculation by modifying an earlier result of B. Sagan and the author. The new rule provides a formula for these polynomials which is manifestly positive in the sense of W. Graham. We apply this formula for the calculation of the product of equivariant Schubert classes on Grassmannians which implies a stability property of the structure coefficients. The first manifestly positive formula for such an expansion was given by A. Knutson and T. Tao by using combinatorics of puzzles while the stability property was not apparent from that formula. We also use the Littlewood-Richardson polynomials to describe the multiplication rule in the algebra of the Casimir elements for the general linear Lie algebra in the basis of the quantum immanants constructed by A. Okounkov and G. Olshanski.
We consider random polynomials whose coefficients are independent and uniform on {-1,1}. We prove that the probability that such a polynomial of degree n has a double root is o(n^{-2}) when n+1 is not divisible by 4 and asymptotic to $frac{8sqrt{3}}{pi n^2}$ otherwise. This result is a corollary of a more general theorem that we prove concerning random polynomials with independent, identically distributed coefficients having a distribution which is supported on { -1, 0, 1} and whose largest atom is strictly less than 1/sqrt{3}. In this general case, we prove that the probability of having a double root equals the probability that either -1, 0 or 1 are double roots up to an o(n^{-2}) factor and we find the asymptotics of the latter probability.
For any triple $(i,a,mu)$ consisting of a vertex $i$ in a quiver $Q$, a positive integer $a$, and a dominant $GL_a$-weight $mu$, we define a quiver current $H^{(i,a)}_mu$ acting on the tensor power $Lambda^Q$ of symmetric functions over the vertices of $Q$. These provide a quiver generalization of parabolic Garsia-Jing creation operators in the theory of Hall-Littlewood symmetric functions. For a triple $(mathbf{i},mathbf{a},mu(bullet))$ of sequences of such data, we define the quiver Hall-Littlewood function $H^{mathbf{i},mathbf{a}}_{mu(bullet)}$ as the result of acting on $1inLambda^Q$ by the corresponding sequence of quiver currents. The quiver Kostka-Shoji polynomials are the expansion coefficients of $H^{mathbf{i},mathbf{a}}_{mu(bullet)}$ in the tensor Schur basis. These polynomials include the Kostka-Foulkes polynomials and parabolic Kostka polynomials (Jordan quiver) and the Kostka-Shoji polynomials (cyclic quiver) as special cases. We show that the quiver Kostka-Shoji polynomials are graded multiplicities in the equivariant Euler characteristic of a vector bundle on Lusztigs convolution diagram determined by the sequences $mathbf{i},mathbf{a}$. For certain compositions of currents we conjecture higher cohomology vanishing of the associated vector bundle on Lusztigs convolution diagram. For quivers with no branching we propose an explicit positive formula for the quiver Kostka-Shoji polynomials in terms of catabolizable multitableaux. We also relate our constructions to $K$-theoretic Hall algebras, by realizing the quiver Kostka-Shoji polynomials as natural structure constants and showing that the quiver currents provide a symmetric function lifting of the corresponding shuffle product. In the case of a cyclic quiver, we explain how the quiver currents arise in Saitos vertex representation of the quantum toroidal algebra of type $mathfrak{sl}_r$.
We consider a smooth hyper-surface Z of a closed Riemannian manifold X. Let P be the Poisson operator associating to a smooth function on Z its harmonic extension on XZ. If A is a pseudo-differential operator on X of degree <3, we prove that B=P^* A P is a pseudo-differential operator on Z and calculate the principal symbol of B.
We show that the $imath$Hall algebra of the Jordan quiver is a polynomial ring in infinitely many generators and obtain transition relations among several generating sets. We establish a ring isomorphism from this $imath$Hall algebra to the ring of symmetric functions in two parameters $t, theta$, which maps the $imath$Hall basis to a class of (modified) inhomogeneous Hall-Littlewood ($imath$HL) functions. The (modified) $imath$HL functions admit a formulation via raising and lowering operators. We formulate and prove Pieri rules for (modified) $imath$HL functions. The modified $imath$HL functions specialize at $theta=0$ to the modified HL functions; they specialize at $theta=1$ to the deformed universal characters of type C, which further specialize at $(t=0, theta =1)$ to the universal characters of type C.
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