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Register a new userConstraints on Gluon Distribution Functions in the Nucleon and Nucleus from Open Charm Hadron Production at the Electron-Ion Collider
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The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory will be a precision Quantum Chromodynamics machine that will enable a vast physics program with electron+proton/ion collisions across a broad center-of-mass range. Measurements of hard probes such as heavy flavor in deep inelastic scatterings will be an essential component to the EIC physics program and are one of the detector R&D driving aspects. In this paper we study the projected statistical precision of open charm hadron production through exclusive hadronic channel reconstruction with a silicon detector concept currently being developed using a PYTHIA-based simulation. We further study the impact of possible intrinsic charm in the proton on projected data, and estimate the constraint on the nuclear gluon parton distribution function (PDF) from the charm structure functions $F_{2}^{coverline{c}}$ in $e$+Au collisions using a Bayesian PDF re-weighting technique. Our studies show the EIC will be capable delivering an unprecedented measurement of charm hadron production across a broad kinematic region and will provide strong constraints to both intrinsic charm and nuclear gluon PDFs.
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Effects of strong longitudinal colour electric fields (SCF), shadowing, and quenching on the open prompt charm mesons (D$^0$, D$^+$, D$^{*+}$, D${_s}{^+}$) production in central Pb + Pb collisions at $sqrt{s_{rm NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV are investigated within the framework of the {small HIJING/B=B v2.0} model. We compute the nuclear modification factor $R_{rm PbPb}^{rm D}$, and show that the above nuclear effects constitute important dynamical mechanisms in the description of experimental data. The strength of colour fields (as characterized by the string tension $kappa$), partonic energy loss and jet quenching process lead to a suppression factor consistent with recent published data. Predictions for future beauty mesons measurements have been included. Ratios of strange to non-strange prompt charm mesons in central Pb + Pb and minimum bias (MB) $ p + p$ collisions at 2.76 TeV are also discussed. Minimum bias $p + p$ collisions which constitute theoretical baseline in our calculations are studied at the centre of mass energies $sqrt{s}$ = 2.76 TeV and 7 TeV.
We study all the possible spin asymmetries that can arise in back-to-back electron-jet production, $eprightarrow e+text{jet}+X$, as well as the associated jet fragmentation process, $eprightarrow e+ text{jet} (h)+X$, in electron-proton collisions. We derive the factorization formalism for these spin asymmetries and perform the corresponding phenomenology for the kinematics relevant to the future electron ion collider. In the case of unpolarized electron-proton scattering, we also give predictions for azimuthal asymmetries for the HERA experiment. This demonstrates that electron-jet production is an outstanding process for probing unpolarized and polarized transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions and fragmentation functions.
The primordial matter of quarks and gluons, which filled our universe just after few micro-seconds of its creation through Big Bang, is expected to be created in the laboratory by colliding nuclei at relativistic energies. The ongoing nuclear collision programs at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are two experimental facilities, where matter in the state of Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) can be created and characterized. Heavy quarks, mainly charm and bottom quarks, are considered as novel probes to characterize QGP, and hence the QCD matter. Heavy quark diffusion coefficients play a significant role to understand the properties of QCD matter. Experimental measurements of nuclear suppression factor and elliptic flow are able to constrain the heavy quark diffusion coefficients, which is a key ingredient for the phenomenological study and disentangle different energy loss models. We give a general perspective of heavy quark diffusion coefficient in QGP and discuss its potential as a probe to disentangle different hadronization mechanisms, as well as to probe the initial electromagnetic field produced in non-central collisions. Experimental perspective on future measurements are discussed with special emphasis on heavy-flavors as next generation probes.
We propose to use transverse momentum $p_T$ distribution of $J/psi$ production at the future Electron Ion Collider (EIC) to explore the production mechanism of heavy quarkonia in high energy collisions. We apply QCD and QED collinear factorization to the production of a $cbar{c}$ pair at high $p_T$, and non-relativistic QCD factorization to the hadronization of the pair to a $J/psi$. We evaluate $J/psi$ $p_T$-distribution at both leading and next-to-leading order in strong coupling, and show that production rates for various color-spin channels of a $cbar{c}$ pair in electron-hadron collisions are very different from that in hadron-hadron collisions, which provides a strong discriminative power to determine various transition rates for the pair to become a $J/psi$. We predict that the $J/psi$ produced in electron-hadron collisions is likely unpolarized, and the production is an ideal probe for gluon distribution of colliding hadron (or nucleus). We find that the $J/psi$ production is dominated by the color-octet channel, providing an excellent probe to explore the gluon medium in large nuclei at the EIC.
Background: Deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) on the deuteron with spectator nucleon tagging represents a unique method for extracting the free neutron structure functions and exploring the nuclear modifications of bound protons and neutrons. The detection of the spectator (with typical momenta $lesssim$ 100 MeV/c in the deuteron rest frame) controls the nuclear configuration during the DIS process and enables a differential analysis of nuclear effects. At the future electron-ion collider (EIC) such measurements will be performed using far-forward detectors. Purpose: Simulate deuteron DIS with proton or neutron tagging with the baseline EIC far-forward detector design. Quantify detector acceptance and resolution effects. Study feasibility of free nucleon structure extraction using pole extrapolation in the spectator momentum. Methods: DIS events with proton and neutron spectators are generated using the BeAGLE Monte Carlo generator. The spectator nucleon momentum is reconstructed including effects of detector acceptance and resolution. Pole extrapolation is performed under realistic conditions. The free nucleon structure extraction is validated by comparing with the input model. Results: Proton and neutron spectator detection is possible over the full transverse momentum range $0 < p_T < 100$ MeV/c needed for pole extrapolation. Resolution effects on the distributions before corrections are ~10% for proton and ~30 for neutron spectators. The overall accuracy of nucleon structure extraction is expected to be at the few-percent level. Conclusions: Free neutron structure extraction through proton tagging and pole extrapolation is feasible with the baseline EIC far-forward detector design. The corresponding extraction of free proton structure through neutron tagging provides a reference point for future studies of nuclear modifications.
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