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Register a new userPrediction of an $Omega_{bbb}Omega_{bbb}$ dibaryon in the extended one-boson exchange model
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Ever since Yukawa proposed that the pion is responsible for mediating the nucleon-nucleon interaction, meson exchanges have been widely used in understanding hadron-hadron interactions. The most studied mesons are the $sigma$, $pi$, $rho$, and $omega$, while other heavier mesons are often argued to be less relevant because they lead to short range interactions. However, the ranges of interactions should be compared with the size of the system under study but not in absolute terms. In this work, we propose that one charmoninium exchange is responsible for the formation of the $Omega_{ccc}Omega_{ccc}$ dibaryon, recently predicted by lattice QCD simulations. The same approach can be extended to the strangeness and bottom sectors, leading to the prediction on the existence of $OmegaOmega$ and $Omega_{bbb}Omega_{bbb}$ dibaryons, while the former is consistent with existing lattice QCD results, the latter remains to checked. In addition, we show that the Coulomb interaction may break up the $Omega_{ccc}Omega_{ccc}$ pair but not the $Omega_{bbb}Omega_{bbb}$ and $OmegaOmega$ dibaryons, particularly, the latter.
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Using the vector-exchange interaction in the local hidden gauge approach, which in the light quark sector generates the chiral Lagrangian, and has produced realistic results for $Omega_c, Xi_c, Xi_b$ and the hidden charm pentaquark states, we study the meson-baryon interactions in the coupled channels that lead to the $Xi_{bb}$ and $Omega_{bbb}$ excited states of the molecular type. We obtain seven states of the $Xi_{bb}$ type with energies between $10408$ and $10869$ MeV and one $Omega_{bbb}$ state at $15212$ MeV.
The thermodynamical properties of dark energy are usually investigated with the equation of state $omega =omega_{0}+omega_{1}z$. Recent observations show that our universe is accelerating, and the apparent horizon and the event horizon vary with redshift $z$. When definitions of the temperature and entropy of a black hole are used to the two horizons of the universe, we examine the thermodynamical properties of the universe which is enveloped by the apparent horizon and the event horizon respectively. We show that the first and the second laws of thermodynamics inside the apparent horizon in any redshift are satisfied, while they are broken down inside the event horizon in some redshift. Therefore, the apparent horizon for the universe may be the boundary of thermodynamical equilibrium for the universe like the event horizon for a black hole.
We investigate the exotic $OmegaOmega$ dibaryon states with $J^P=0^+$ and $2^+$ in a molecular picture. We construct the scalar and tensor $Omega$$Omega$ molecular interpolating currents and calculate their masses within the method of QCD sum rules. Our results indicate that the mass of the scalar dibaryon state is $m_{OmegaOmega, , 0^+}=(3.33pm0.22) ,unit$, which is about $15 ,mathrm{MeV}$ below the $2m_Omega$ threshold. This result suggests the existence of a loosely bound molecular state of the $J^P=0^+$ scalar $OmegaOmega$ dibaryon with a small binding energy around 15 MeV. The mass of the tensor dibaryon is predicted to be $m_{OmegaOmega,, 2^+}=(3.24pm0.23), mbox{GeV}$, which may imply a deeper molecular state of the tensor $OmegaOmega$ dibaryon than the scalar channel. These exotic strangeness $S=-6$ and doubly-charged $OmegaOmega$ dibaryon states may be identified in the heavy-ion collision processes.
We study the triply heavy baryons $Omega_{QQQ}$ $(Q=c, b)$ in the QCD sum rules by performing the first calculation of the next-to-leading order (NLO) contribution to the perturbative QCD part of the correlation functions. Compared with the leading order (LO) result, the NLO contribution is found to be very important to the $Omega_{QQQ}$. This is because the NLO not only results in a large correction, but also reduces the parameter dependence, making the Borel platform more distinct, especially for the $Omega_{bbb}$ in the $overline{rm{MS}}$ scheme, where the platform appears only at NLO but not at LO. Particularly, owing to the inclusion of the NLO contribution, the renormalization schemes ($bar {MS}$ and On-Shell) dependence and the scale dependence are significantly reduced. Consequently, after including the NLO contribution to the perturbative part in the QCD sum rules, the masses are estimated to be $4.53^{+0.26}_{-0.11}$ GeV for $Omega_{ccc}$ and $14.27^{+0.33}_{-0.32}$ GeV for $Omega_{bbb}$, where the results are obtained at $mu=M_B$ with errors including those from the variation of the renormalization scale $mu$ in the range $(0.8-1.2) M_B$. A careful study of the $mu$ dependence in a wide range is further performed, which shows that the LO results are very sensitive to the choice of $mu$ whereas the NLO results are considerably better. In addition to the $mu=M_B$ result, a more stable value, (4.75-4.80) GeV, for the $Omega_{ccc}$ mass is found in the range of $mu=(1.2-2.0) M_B$, which should be viewed as a more relevant prediction in our NLO approach because of $mu$ dependence.
We show that axinos, which are dominantly generated by the decay of the next-to-lightest supersymmetric particles produced from the leptonic $Q$-ball ($L$-ball), become warm dark matter suitable for the solution of the missing satellite problem and the cusp problem. In addition, $Omega_b - Omega_{DM}$ coincidence is naturally explained in this scenario.
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